This change is a preparation for another change that makes all callback
types return a Go error instead of an error code / an integer. That is
going to make make things a lot more idiomatic.
The reason this change is split is threefold:
a) This change is mostly mechanical and should contain no semantic
changes.
b) This change is backwards-compatible (in the Go API compatibility
sense of the word), and thus can be backported to all other releases.
c) It makes the other change a bit smaller and more focused on just one
thing.
Concretely, this change makes all callbacks populate a Go error when
they fail. If the callback is invoked from the same stack as the
function to which it was passed (e.g. for `Tree.Walk`), it will preserve
the error object directly into a struct that also holds the callback
function. Otherwise if the callback is pased to one func and will be
invoked when run from another one (e.g. for `Repository.InitRebase`),
the error string is saved into the libgit2 thread-local storage and then
re-created as a `GitError`.
(cherry picked from commit 5d8eaf7e65)
lhchavez