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< li class = "toctree-l2 current" > < a class = "current reference internal" href = "#" > 3. Case 1 - DBo Derived, Standalone< / a > < ul >
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< li class = "toctree-l3" > < a class = "reference internal" href = "#class-associated-header-file" > 3.1 Class Associated Header File< / a > < / li >
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< li class = "toctree-l3" > < a class = "reference internal" href = "../RDS/RDSpage.html#the-mbk-to-rds-segment-table" > The < code class = "docutils literal" > < span class = "pre" > MBK_TO_RDS_SEGMENT< / span > < / code > table< / a > < / li >
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< h1 > 3. Case 1 - DBo Derived, Standalone< a class = "headerlink" href = "#case-1-dbo-derived-standalone" title = "Permalink to this headline" > ¶< / a > < / h1 >
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< p > As example, we take < code class = "docutils literal" > < span class = "pre" > Library< / span > < / code > . This a < code class = "docutils literal" > < span class = "pre" > DBo< / span > < / code > derived class, but we
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choose not to export the parent classes. From Python, it will appear
as a base class.< / p >
< div class = "section" id = "class-associated-header-file" >
< span id = "id1" > < / span > < span id = "id2" > < / span > < h2 > 3.1 Class Associated Header File< a class = "headerlink" href = "#class-associated-header-file" title = "Permalink to this headline" > ¶< / a > < / h2 >
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< p > Here is the typical content of a header file (for < code class = "docutils literal" > < span class = "pre" > PyLibrary< / span > < / code > ):< / p >
< div class = "highlight-c++" > < div class = "highlight" > < pre > < span > < / span > < span class = "cp" > #ifndef PY_LIBRARY_H< / span >
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< span class = "cp" > #define PY_LIBRARY_H< / span >
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< span class = "cp" > #include< / span > < span class = "cpf" > " hurricane/isobar/PyHurricane.h" < / span > < span class = "cp" > < / span >
< span class = "cp" > #include< / span > < span class = "cpf" > " hurricane/Library.h" < / span > < span class = "cp" > < / span >
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< span class = "k" > namespace< / span > < span class = "n" > Isobar< / span > < span class = "p" > {< / span >
< span class = "k" > using< / span > < span class = "k" > namespace< / span > < span class = "n" > Hurricane< / span > < span class = "p" > ;< / span >
< span class = "k" > extern< / span > < span class = "s" > " C" < / span > < span class = "p" > {< / span >
< span class = "k" > typedef< / span > < span class = "k" > struct< / span > < span class = "p" > {< / span >
< span class = "n" > PyObject_HEAD< / span >
< span class = "n" > Library< / span > < span class = "o" > *< / span > < span class = "n" > _object< / span > < span class = "p" > ;< / span >
< span class = "p" > }< / span > < span class = "n" > PyLibrary< / span > < span class = "p" > ;< / span >
< span class = "k" > extern< / span > < span class = "n" > PyTypeObject< / span > < span class = "n" > PyTypeLibrary< / span > < span class = "p" > ;< / span >
< span class = "k" > extern< / span > < span class = "n" > PyMethodDef< / span > < span class = "n" > PyLibrary_Methods< / span > < span class = "p" > [];< / span >
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< span class = "k" > extern< / span > < span class = "n" > PyObject< / span > < span class = "o" > *< / span > < span class = "nf" > PyLibrary_Link< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > Hurricane< / span > < span class = "o" > ::< / span > < span class = "n" > Library< / span > < span class = "o" > *< / span > < span class = "n" > lib< / span > < span class = "p" > );< / span >
< span class = "k" > extern< / span > < span class = "kt" > void< / span > < span class = "nf" > PyLibrary_LinkPyType< / span > < span class = "p" > ();< / span >
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< span class = "cp" > #define IsPyLibrary(v) ( (v)-> ob_type == & PyTypeLibrary )< / span >
< span class = "cp" > #define PYLIBRARY(v) ( (PyLibrary*)(v) )< / span >
< span class = "cp" > #define PYLIBRARY_O(v) ( PYLIBRARY(v)-> _object )< / span >
< span class = "p" > }< / span > < span class = "c1" > // extern " C" .< / span >
< span class = "p" > }< / span > < span class = "c1" > // Isobar namespace.< / span >
< span class = "cp" > #endif < / span > < span class = "c1" > // PY_LIBRARY_H< / span >
< / pre > < / div >
< / div >
< p > The code is organized as follow:< / p >
< ol class = "arabic" >
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< li > < p class = "first" > It must have, < em > as the first include< / em > < code class = "docutils literal" > < span class = "pre" > PyHurricane.h< / span > < / code > , which provides
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the complete bunch of macros needed to build the module. Then the include
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of the C++ class we want to wrap (< code class = "docutils literal" > < span class = "pre" > Library.h< / span > < / code > ).< / p >
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< / li >
< li > < p class = "first" > As Python is written in C, all the wrapper code has to be but inside
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an < code class = "docutils literal" > < span class = "pre" > extern< / span > < span class = "pre" > " C" < / span > < / code > namespace.< / p >
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< / li >
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< li > < p class = "first" > Definition of the wrapped < span class = "cb" > struct< / span > , < code class = "docutils literal" > < span class = "pre" > PyLibrary< / span > < / code > . It is standard Python here.< / p >
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< div class = "admonition note" >
< p class = "first admonition-title" > Note< / p >
< p class = "last" > For our set of macros to work, the name of the pointer to the
C++ class must always be < strong > _object< / strong > , and the various functions and
macros defined here must take the name of the class (either in
lowercase, camel case or capitals).< / p >
< / div >
< / li >
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< li > < p class = "first" > Declaration of the Python type < code class = "docutils literal" > < span class = "pre" > PyTypeLibrary< / span > < / code > (standard).< / p >
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< / li >
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< li > < p class = "first" > Declaration of the Python type table of methods < code class = "docutils literal" > < span class = "pre" > PyLibrary_Methods< / span > < / code > (standard).< / p >
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< / li >
< / ol >
< ol class = "arabic simple" id = "id3" start = "6" >
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< li > Declaration of < code class = "docutils literal" > < span class = "pre" > PyLibrary_Link()< / span > < / code > , helper to convert a C++ < code class = "docutils literal" > < span class = "pre" > Lybrary< / span > < / code > into
a < code class = "docutils literal" > < span class = "pre" > PyLibrary< / span > < / code > (put in the support shared library).< / li >
< li > Declaration of < code class = "docutils literal" > < span class = "pre" > PyLibrary_LinkPyType()< / span > < / code > , this function setup the class-level
function of the new Python type (here, < code class = "docutils literal" > < span class = "pre" > PyTypeLibrary< / span > < / code > ).< / li >
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< li > And, lastly, three macros to:< ul >
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< li > < code class = "docutils literal" > < span class = "pre" > IsPylibrary()< / span > < / code > , know if a Python object is a < code class = "docutils literal" > < span class = "pre" > PyLibrary< / span > < / code > < / li >
< li > < code class = "docutils literal" > < span class = "pre" > PYLIBRARY()< / span > < / code > , force cast (C style) of a < code class = "docutils literal" > < span class = "pre" > PyObject< / span > < / code > into a < code class = "docutils literal" > < span class = "pre" > PyLibrary< / span > < / code > .< / li >
< li > < code class = "docutils literal" > < span class = "pre" > PYLIBRARY_O()< / span > < / code > , extract the C++ object (< code class = "docutils literal" > < span class = "pre" > Library*< / span > < / code > ) from the Python
object (< code class = "docutils literal" > < span class = "pre" > PyLibrary< / span > < / code > ).< / li >
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< / ul >
< / li >
< / ol >
< / div >
< div class = "section" id = "class-associated-file" >
< span id = "id4" > < / span > < h2 > 3.2 Class Associated File< a class = "headerlink" href = "#class-associated-file" title = "Permalink to this headline" > ¶< / a > < / h2 >
< div class = "section" id = "head-of-the-file" >
< h3 > 3.2.1 Head of the file< a class = "headerlink" href = "#head-of-the-file" title = "Permalink to this headline" > ¶< / a > < / h3 >
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< div class = "highlight-c++" > < div class = "highlight" > < pre > < span > < / span > < span class = "cp" > #include< / span > < span class = "cpf" > " hurricane/isobar/PyLibrary.h" < / span > < span class = "cp" > < / span >
< span class = "cp" > #include< / span > < span class = "cpf" > " hurricane/isobar/PyDataBase.h" < / span > < span class = "cp" > < / span >
< span class = "cp" > #include< / span > < span class = "cpf" > " hurricane/isobar/PyCell.h" < / span > < span class = "cp" > < / span >
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< span class = "k" > namespace< / span > < span class = "n" > Isobar< / span > < span class = "p" > {< / span >
< span class = "k" > using< / span > < span class = "k" > namespace< / span > < span class = "n" > Hurricane< / span > < span class = "p" > ;< / span >
< span class = "k" > extern< / span > < span class = "s" > " C" < / span > < span class = "p" > {< / span >
< span class = "cp" > #define METHOD_HEAD(function) GENERIC_METHOD_HEAD(Library,lib,function)< / span >
< / pre > < / div >
< / div >
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< p > As for the header, all the code must be put inside a < code class = "docutils literal" > < span class = "pre" > extern< / span > < span class = "pre" > " C" < / span > < / code > namespace.< / p >
< p > A convenience macro < code class = "docutils literal" > < span class = "pre" > METHOD_HEAD()< / span > < / code > must be defined, by refining
< code class = "docutils literal" > < span class = "pre" > GENERIC_METHOD_HEAD()< / span > < / code > . This macro will be used in the method wrappers
below to cast the < code class = "docutils literal" > < span class = "pre" > _object< / span > < / code > field of the Python object into the
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appropriate C++ class, this is done using a C-style cast.
The parameters of that macro are:< / p >
< ol class = "arabic simple" >
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< li > The C++ encapsulated class (< code class = "docutils literal" > < span class = "pre" > Library< / span > < / code > ).< / li >
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< li > The name of the < em > variable< / em > that will be used to store a pointer
to the C++ working object.< / li >
< li > The name of the C++ method which is to be wrapped.< / li >
< / ol >
< / div >
< div class = "section" id = "the-python-module-part" >
< h3 > 3.2.2 The Python Module Part< a class = "headerlink" href = "#the-python-module-part" title = "Permalink to this headline" > ¶< / a > < / h3 >
< p > First, we have to build all the wrappers to the C++ methods of
the class. For common predicates, accessors, and mutators macros
are supplied.< / p >
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< p > Wrapping of the < code class = "docutils literal" > < span class = "pre" > Library::getCell()< / span > < / code > method:< / p >
< div class = "highlight-c++" > < div class = "highlight" > < pre > < span > < / span > < span class = "k" > static< / span > < span class = "n" > PyObject< / span > < span class = "o" > *< / span > < span class = "nf" > PyLibrary_getCell< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > PyLibrary< / span > < span class = "o" > *< / span > < span class = "n" > self< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "n" > PyObject< / span > < span class = "o" > *< / span > < span class = "n" > args< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span >
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< span class = "p" > {< / span >
< span class = "n" > Cell< / span > < span class = "o" > *< / span > < span class = "n" > cell< / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "nb" > NULL< / span > < span class = "p" > ;< / span >
< span class = "n" > HTRY< / span >
< span class = "n" > METHOD_HEAD< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "s" > " Library.getCell()" < / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span >
< span class = "kt" > char< / span > < span class = "o" > *< / span > < span class = "n" > name< / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "nb" > NULL< / span > < span class = "p" > ;< / span >
< span class = "k" > if< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > PyArg_ParseTuple< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > args< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "s" > " s:Library.getCell" < / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "o" > & < / span > < span class = "n" > name< / span > < span class = "p" > ))< / span > < span class = "p" > {< / span >
< span class = "n" > cell< / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "n" > lib< / span > < span class = "o" > -> < / span > < span class = "n" > getCell< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > Name< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > name< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span > < span class = "p" > );< / span >
< span class = "p" > }< / span > < span class = "k" > else< / span > < span class = "p" > {< / span >
< span class = "n" > PyErr_SetString< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > ConstructorError< / span >
< span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "s" > " invalid number of parameters for Library::getCell." < / span > < span class = "p" > );< / span >
< span class = "k" > return< / span > < span class = "nb" > NULL< / span > < span class = "p" > ;< / span >
< span class = "p" > }< / span >
< span class = "n" > HCATCH< / span >
< span class = "k" > return< / span > < span class = "n" > PyCell_Link< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > cell< / span > < span class = "p" > );< / span >
< span class = "p" > }< / span >
< / pre > < / div >
< / div >
< p > Key points about this method wrapper:< / p >
< ol class = "arabic simple" >
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< li > The < code class = "docutils literal" > < span class = "pre" > HTRY< / span > < / code > / < code class = "docutils literal" > < span class = "pre" > HCATCH< / span > < / code > macros provides an insulation from the C++
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exceptions. If one is emitted, it will be catched and transformed in
a Python one. This way, the Python program will be cleanly interrupted
and the usual stack trace displayed.< / li >
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< li > The returned value of this method is of type < code class = "docutils literal" > < span class = "pre" > Cell*< / span > < / code > , we have to
transform it into a Python one. This is done with < code class = "docutils literal" > < span class = "pre" > PyCell_Link()< / span > < / code > .
This macro is supplied by the < code class = "docutils literal" > < span class = "pre" > PyCell.h< / span > < / code > header and this is why
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it must be included.< / li >
< / ol >
< p > < / p >
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< p > Wrapping of the < code class = "docutils literal" > < span class = "pre" > Library::create()< / span > < / code > method:< / p >
< div class = "highlight-c++" > < div class = "highlight" > < pre > < span > < / span > < span class = "k" > static< / span > < span class = "n" > PyObject< / span > < span class = "o" > *< / span > < span class = "nf" > PyLibrary_create< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > PyObject< / span > < span class = "o" > *< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "n" > PyObject< / span > < span class = "o" > *< / span > < span class = "n" > args< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span >
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< span class = "p" > {< / span >
< span class = "n" > PyObject< / span > < span class = "o" > *< / span > < span class = "n" > arg0< / span > < span class = "p" > ;< / span >
< span class = "n" > PyObject< / span > < span class = "o" > *< / span > < span class = "n" > arg1< / span > < span class = "p" > ;< / span >
< span class = "n" > Library< / span > < span class = "o" > *< / span > < span class = "n" > library< / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "nb" > NULL< / span > < span class = "p" > ;< / span >
< span class = "n" > HTRY< / span >
< span class = "n" > __cs< / span > < span class = "p" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > init< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "s" > " Library.create" < / span > < span class = "p" > );< / span > < span class = "c1" > // Step (1).< / span >
< span class = "k" > if< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > not< / span > < span class = "n" > PyArg_ParseTuple< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > args< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "s" > " O& O& :Library.create" < / span >
< span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "n" > Converter< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "o" > & < / span > < span class = "n" > arg0< / span >
< span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "n" > Converter< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "o" > & < / span > < span class = "n" > arg1< / span > < span class = "p" > ))< / span > < span class = "p" > {< / span > < span class = "c1" > // Step (2).< / span >
< span class = "n" > PyErr_SetString< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > ConstructorError< / span >
< span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "s" > " invalid number of parameters for Library constructor." < / span > < span class = "p" > );< / span >
< span class = "k" > return< / span > < span class = "nb" > NULL< / span > < span class = "p" > ;< / span >
< span class = "p" > }< / span >
< span class = "k" > if< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > __cs< / span > < span class = "p" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > getObjectIds< / span > < span class = "p" > ()< / span > < span class = "o" > ==< / span > < span class = "s" > " :db:string" < / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span > < span class = "p" > {< / span > < span class = "c1" > // Step (3.a)< / span >
< span class = "n" > DataBase< / span > < span class = "o" > *< / span > < span class = "n" > db< / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "n" > PYDATABASE_O< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > arg0< / span > < span class = "p" > );< / span >
< span class = "n" > library< / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "n" > Library< / span > < span class = "o" > ::< / span > < span class = "n" > create< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > db< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "n" > Name< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > PyString_AsString< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > arg1< / span > < span class = "p" > ))< / span > < span class = "p" > );< / span >
< span class = "p" > }< / span > < span class = "k" > else< / span > < span class = "k" > if< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > __cs< / span > < span class = "p" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > getObjectIds< / span > < span class = "p" > ()< / span > < span class = "o" > ==< / span > < span class = "s" > " :library:string" < / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span > < span class = "p" > {< / span > < span class = "c1" > // Step (3.b)< / span >
< span class = "n" > Library< / span > < span class = "o" > *< / span > < span class = "n" > masterLibrary< / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "n" > PYLIBRARY_O< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > arg0< / span > < span class = "p" > );< / span >
< span class = "n" > library< / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "n" > Library< / span > < span class = "o" > ::< / span > < span class = "n" > create< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > masterLibrary< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "n" > Name< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > PyString_AsString< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > arg1< / span > < span class = "p" > ))< / span > < span class = "p" > );< / span >
< span class = "p" > }< / span > < span class = "k" > else< / span > < span class = "p" > {< / span >
< span class = "n" > PyErr_SetString< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > ConstructorError< / span >
< span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "s" > " invalid number of parameters for Library constructor." < / span > < span class = "p" > );< / span >
< span class = "k" > return< / span > < span class = "nb" > NULL< / span > < span class = "p" > ;< / span >
< span class = "p" > }< / span >
< span class = "n" > HCATCH< / span >
< span class = "k" > return< / span > < span class = "n" > PyLibrary_Link< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > library< / span > < span class = "p" > );< / span >
< span class = "p" > }< / span >
< / pre > < / div >
< / div >
< p > Key point about this constructor:< / p >
< ol class = "arabic simple" >
< li > We want the Python interface to mimic as closely as possible the
C++ API. As such, Python object will be created using a static
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< code class = "docutils literal" > < span class = "pre" > .create()< / span > < / code > method. So we do not use the usual Python allocation
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mechanism.< / li >
< li > As it is a < em > static< / em > method, there is no first argument.< / li >
< li > Python do not allow function overload like C++. To emulate that
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behavior we use the < code class = "docutils literal" > < span class = "pre" > __cs< / span > < / code > object (which is a global variable).< ol class = "arabic" >
< li > Init/reset the < code class = "docutils literal" > < span class = "pre" > __cs< / span > < / code > object: see < em > step (1)< / em > .< / li >
< li > Call < code class = "docutils literal" > < span class = "pre" > PyArg_ParseTuple()< / span > < / code > , read every mandatory or optional
argument as a Python object (< code class = "docutils literal" > < span class = "pre" > " O& " < / span > < / code > ) and use < code class = "docutils literal" > < span class = "pre" > Converter< / span > < / code >
on each one. < code class = "docutils literal" > < span class = "pre" > Converter< / span > < / code > will determine the real type of
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the Python object given as argument by looking at the
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encapsulated C++ class. It then update the < code class = "docutils literal" > < span class = "pre" > __cs< / span > < / code > object.
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Done in < em > step (2)< / em > < / li >
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< li > After the call to < code class = "docutils literal" > < span class = "pre" > PyArg_ParseTuple()< / span > < / code > , the function
< code class = "docutils literal" > < span class = "pre" > __cs.getObjectIds()< / span > < / code > will return the < em > signature< / em > of
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the various arguments. In our case, the valid signatures
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will be < code class = "docutils literal" > < span class = "pre" > " :db:string" < / span > < / code > (< em > step (3.a)*a) and ``” :library:string” ``
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(*step (3.b)< / em > ).< / li >
< li > Call the C++ method after extracting the C++ objects from
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the Python arguments. Note the use of the < code class = "docutils literal" > < span class = "pre" > PYLIBRARY_O()< / span > < / code >
and < code class = "docutils literal" > < span class = "pre" > PYDATABSE_O()< / span > < / code > macros to perform the conversion.< / li >
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< / ol >
< / li >
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< li > Return the result, encapsulated through a call to < code class = "docutils literal" > < span class = "pre" > PyLibrary_Link()< / span > < / code > .< / li >
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< / ol >
< p > < / p >
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< p > Wrapping of the < code class = "docutils literal" > < span class = "pre" > Library::destroy()< / span > < / code > method:< / p >
< div class = "highlight-c++" > < div class = "highlight" > < pre > < span > < / span > < span class = "n" > DBoDestroyAttribute< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > PyLibrary_destroy< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "n" > PyLibrary< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span >
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< / pre > < / div >
< / div >
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< p > For C++ classes < strong > that are derived< / strong > from < code class = "docutils literal" > < span class = "pre" > DBo< / span > < / code > , the destroy method
wrapper must be defined using the macro < code class = "docutils literal" > < span class = "pre" > DBoDestroyAttribute()< / span > < / code > .
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This macro implements the bi-directional communication mechanism
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using < code class = "docutils literal" > < span class = "pre" > Hurricane::Property< / span > < / code > . It < strong > must not< / strong > be used for
non < code class = "docutils literal" > < span class = "pre" > DBo< / span > < / code > derived classes.< / p >
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< p > Defining the method table of the PyLibrary type:< / p >
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< div class = "highlight-c++" > < div class = "highlight" > < pre > < span > < / span > < span class = "n" > PyMethodDef< / span > < span class = "n" > PyLibrary_Methods< / span > < span class = "p" > []< / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span >
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< span class = "p" > {< / span > < span class = "p" > {< / span > < span class = "s" > " create" < / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > PyCFunction< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span > < span class = "n" > PyLibrary_create< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "n" > METH_VARARGS< / span > < span class = "o" > |< / span > < span class = "n" > METH_STATIC< / span >
< span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "s" > " Creates a new library." < / span > < span class = "p" > }< / span >
< span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "p" > {< / span > < span class = "s" > " getCell" < / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > PyCFunction< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span > < span class = "n" > PyLibrary_getCell< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "n" > METH_VARARGS< / span >
< span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "s" > " Get the cell of name < name> " < / span > < span class = "p" > }< / span >
< span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "p" > {< / span > < span class = "s" > " destroy" < / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > PyCFunction< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span > < span class = "n" > PyLibrary_destroy< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "n" > METH_NOARGS< / span >
< span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "s" > " Destroy associated hurricane object The python object remains." < / span > < span class = "p" > }< / span >
< span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "p" > {< / span > < span class = "nb" > NULL< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "nb" > NULL< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "mi" > 0< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "nb" > NULL< / span > < span class = "p" > }< / span > < span class = "cm" > /* sentinel */< / span >
< span class = "p" > };< / span >
< / pre > < / div >
< / div >
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< p > This is standard Python/C API. The name of the < code class = "docutils literal" > < span class = "pre" > PyMethodDef< / span > < / code > table must be
named from the class: < code class = "docutils literal" > < span class = "pre" > PyLibrary_Methods< / span > < / code > .< / p >
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< / div >
< div class = "section" id = "python-type-linking" >
< h3 > 3.2.3 Python Type Linking< a class = "headerlink" href = "#python-type-linking" title = "Permalink to this headline" > ¶< / a > < / h3 >
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< p > Defining the < code class = "docutils literal" > < span class = "pre" > PyTypeLibrary< / span > < / code > class methods and the type linking function.< / p >
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< p > Those are the functions for the Python object itself to work, not the
wrapped method from the C++ class.< / p >
< div class = "admonition note" >
< p class = "first admonition-title" > Note< / p >
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< p class = "last" > At this point we < strong > do not< / strong > define the < code class = "docutils literal" > < span class = "pre" > PyTypeLibrary< / span > < / code > itself.
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Only it’ s functions and a function to set them up < em > once< / em > the
type will be defined.< / p >
< / div >
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< div class = "highlight-c++" > < div class = "highlight" > < pre > < span > < / span > < span class = "n" > DBoDeleteMethod< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > Library< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span >
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< span class = "n" > PyTypeObjectLinkPyType< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > Library< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span >
< / pre > < / div >
< / div >
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< p > The macro < code class = "docutils literal" > < span class = "pre" > DBoDeleteMethod()< / span > < / code > define the function to delete a
< code class = "docutils literal" > < span class = "pre" > PyLibrary< / span > < / code > < em > Python< / em > object. Again, do not mistake it for the deletion
of the C++ class (implemented by < code class = "docutils literal" > < span class = "pre" > DBoDestroyAttribute()< / span > < / code > ).
Here again, < code class = "docutils literal" > < span class = "pre" > DBoDeleteMethod()< / span > < / code > is specially tailored for
< code class = "docutils literal" > < span class = "pre" > DBo< / span > < / code > derived classes.< / p >
< p id = "pylibrary-linkpytype" > To define < code class = "docutils literal" > < span class = "pre" > PyLibrary_LinkPyType()< / span > < / code > , use the < code class = "docutils literal" > < span class = "pre" > PyTypeObjectLinkPyType()< / span > < / code >
macro. This macro is specific for < code class = "docutils literal" > < span class = "pre" > DBo< / span > < / code > derived classes that are seen as
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base classes under Python (i.e. we don’ t bother exposing the base
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class under Python). < code class = "docutils literal" > < span class = "pre" > PyLibrary_LinkPyType()< / span > < / code > setup the class functions
in the < code class = "docutils literal" > < span class = "pre" > PyTypeLibrary< / span > < / code > type object, it < strong > must< / strong > be called in the
Python module this class is part of (in this case: < code class = "docutils literal" > < span class = "pre" > PyHurricane.cpp< / span > < / code > ).
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This particular flavor of the macro < em > will define< / em > and setup the
following class functions:< / p >
< ul class = "simple" >
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< li > < code class = "docutils literal" > < span class = "pre" > PyTypeLibrary.tp_compare< / span > < / code > (defined by the macro).< / li >
< li > < code class = "docutils literal" > < span class = "pre" > PyTypeLibrary.tp_repr< / span > < / code > (defined by the macro).< / li >
< li > < code class = "docutils literal" > < span class = "pre" > PyTypeLibrary.tp_str< / span > < / code > (defined by the macro).< / li >
< li > < code class = "docutils literal" > < span class = "pre" > PyTypeLibrary.tp_hash< / span > < / code > (defined by the macro).< / li >
< li > < code class = "docutils literal" > < span class = "pre" > PyTypeLibrary.tp_methods< / span > < / code > sets to the previously defined < code class = "docutils literal" > < span class = "pre" > PyLibrary_Methods< / span > < / code > table.< / li >
< li > < code class = "docutils literal" > < span class = "pre" > PyTypeLibrary.tp_dealloc< / span > < / code > is set to a function that < em > must< / em > be named < code class = "docutils literal" > < span class = "pre" > PyLibrary_DeAlloc< / span > < / code > ,
this is what < code class = "docutils literal" > < span class = "pre" > DBoDeleteMethod< / span > < / code > does. It is < em > not< / em > done by < code class = "docutils literal" > < span class = "pre" > PyTypeObjectLinkPyType< / span > < / code > .< / li >
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< / ul >
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< p > Defining the < code class = "docutils literal" > < span class = "pre" > PyTypeLibrary< / span > < / code > type:< / p >
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< / div >
< div class = "section" id = "the-shared-library-part" >
< h3 > 3.2.4 The Shared Library Part< a class = "headerlink" href = "#the-shared-library-part" title = "Permalink to this headline" > ¶< / a > < / h3 >
< p > This part will be put in a separate supporting shared library, allowing
other Python module to link against it (and make use of its symbols).< / p >
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< div class = "highlight-c++" > < div class = "highlight" > < pre > < span > < / span > < span class = "n" > DBoLinkCreateMethod< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > Library< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span >
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< span class = "n" > PyTypeObjectDefinitions< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > Library< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span >
< / pre > < / div >
< / div >
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< p > To define < code class = "docutils literal" > < span class = "pre" > PyTypeLibrary< / span > < / code > , use the < code class = "docutils literal" > < span class = "pre" > PyTypeObjectDefinitions()< / span > < / code > macro.
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This macro is specific for classes that, as exposed by Python,
are neither < em > derived< / em > classes nor < em > base< / em > classes for others.
That is, they are standalone from the inheritance point of view.< / p >
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< p > The < code class = "docutils literal" > < span class = "pre" > DBoLinkCreateMethod()< / span > < / code > macro will define the < code class = "docutils literal" > < span class = "pre" > PyLibrary_Link()< / span > < / code >
function which is responsible for encapsulating a C++ < code class = "docutils literal" > < span class = "pre" > Library< / span > < / code > object
into a Python < code class = "docutils literal" > < span class = "pre" > PyLibrary< / span > < / code > one.< / p >
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< / div >
< / div >
< div class = "section" id = "python-module-c-namespace" >
< h2 > 3.3 Python Module (C++ namespace)< a class = "headerlink" href = "#python-module-c-namespace" title = "Permalink to this headline" > ¶< / a > < / h2 >
< p > We use the Python module to replicate the C++ < em > namespace< / em > . Thus, for the
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< code class = "docutils literal" > < span class = "pre" > Hurricane< / span > < / code > namespace we create a Python < code class = "docutils literal" > < span class = "pre" > Hurricane< / span > < / code > module which is
defined in the < code class = "docutils literal" > < span class = "pre" > PyHurricane.cpp< / span > < / code > file, then we add into that module
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dictionary all the Python types encapsulating the C++ classes of that
namespace.< / p >
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< div class = "highlight-c++" > < div class = "highlight" > < pre > < span > < / span > < span class = "n" > DL_EXPORT< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "kt" > void< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span > < span class = "n" > initHurricane< / span > < span class = "p" > ()< / span >
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< span class = "p" > {< / span >
< span class = "n" > PyLibrary_LinkPyType< / span > < span class = "p" > ();< / span > < span class = "c1" > // step 1.< / span >
< span class = "n" > PYTYPE_READY< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > Library< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span > < span class = "c1" > // step 2.< / span >
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< span class = "n" > __cs< / span > < span class = "p" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > addType< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "s" > " library" < / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "o" > & < / span > < span class = "n" > PyTypeLibrary< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "s" > " < Library> " < / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "nb" > false< / span > < span class = "p" > );< / span > < span class = "c1" > // step 3.< / span >
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< span class = "n" > PyObject< / span > < span class = "o" > *< / span > < span class = "n" > module< / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "n" > Py_InitModule< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "s" > " Hurricane" < / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "n" > PyHurricane_Methods< / span > < span class = "p" > );< / span >
< span class = "k" > if< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > module< / span > < span class = "o" > ==< / span > < span class = "nb" > NULL< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span > < span class = "p" > {< / span >
< span class = "n" > cerr< / span > < span class = "o" > < < < / span > < span class = "s" > " [ERROR]< / span > < span class = "se" > \n< / span > < span class = "s" > " < / span >
< span class = "o" > < < < / span > < span class = "s" > " Failed to initialize Hurricane module." < / span > < span class = "o" > < < < / span > < span class = "n" > endl< / span > < span class = "p" > ;< / span >
< span class = "k" > return< / span > < span class = "p" > ;< / span >
< span class = "p" > }< / span >
< span class = "n" > Py_INCREF< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "o" > & < / span > < span class = "n" > PyTypeLibrary< / span > < span class = "p" > );< / span > < span class = "c1" > // step 4.< / span >
< span class = "n" > PyModule_AddObject< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > module< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "s" > " Library" < / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > PyObject< / span > < span class = "o" > *< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span > < span class = "o" > & < / span > < span class = "n" > PyTypeLibrary< / span > < span class = "p" > );< / span > < span class = "c1" > // step 4.< / span >
< span class = "p" > }< / span >
< / pre > < / div >
< / div >
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< p > The < code class = "docutils literal" > < span class = "pre" > initHurricane()< / span > < / code > initialisation function shown above has
been scrubbed of everything not relevant to the < code class = "docutils literal" > < span class = "pre" > PyLibrary< / span > < / code > class.
The integration of the < code class = "docutils literal" > < span class = "pre" > PyLibrary< / span > < / code > class into the module needs
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four steps:< / p >
< ol class = "arabic" >
< li > < p class = "first" > A call to < a class = "reference internal" href = "#pylibrary-linkpytype" > PyLibrary_LinkPyType()< / a > to hook the Python type functions
in the Python type object.< / p >
< / li >
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< li > < p class = "first" > A call to the < code class = "docutils literal" > < span class = "pre" > PYTYPE_READY()< / span > < / code > macro (standard Python).< / p >
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< / li >
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< li > < p class = "first" > Registering the type into the < code class = "docutils literal" > < span class = "pre" > __cs< / span > < / code > object, with < code class = "docutils literal" > < span class = "pre" > addType()< / span > < / code > .
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The arguments are self explanatory, save for the last which is a
boolean to tell if this is a < em > derived< / em > class or not.< / p >
< / li >
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< li > < p class = "first" > Adding the type object (< code class = "docutils literal" > < span class = "pre" > PyTypeLibrary< / span > < / code > ) into the dictionnary of
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the module itself. This allow to mimic closely the C++ syntax:< / p >
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< div class = "highlight-python" > < div class = "highlight" > < pre > < span > < / span > < span class = "kn" > import< / span > < span class = "nn" > Hurricane< / span >
< span class = "n" > lib< / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "n" > Hurricane< / span > < span class = "o" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > Library< / span > < span class = "o" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > create< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > db< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "s1" > ' root' < / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span >
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