94 lines
2.6 KiB
Plaintext
94 lines
2.6 KiB
Plaintext
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'\" Copyright (c) 1993 The Regents of the University of California.
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'\" Copyright (c) 1994-1996 Sun Microsystems, Inc.
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'\"
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'\" See the file "license.terms" for information on usage and redistribution
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'\" of this file, and for a DISCLAIMER OF ALL WARRANTIES.
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'\"
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.TH split n "" Tcl "Tcl Built-In Commands"
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.so man.macros
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.BS
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'\" Note: do not modify the .SH NAME line immediately below!
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.SH NAME
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split \- Split a string into a proper Tcl list
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.SH SYNOPSIS
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\fBsplit \fIstring \fR?\fIsplitChars\fR?
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.BE
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.SH DESCRIPTION
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.PP
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Returns a list created by splitting \fIstring\fR at each character
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that is in the \fIsplitChars\fR argument.
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Each element of the result list will consist of the
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characters from \fIstring\fR that lie between instances of the
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characters in \fIsplitChars\fR.
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Empty list elements will be generated if \fIstring\fR contains
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adjacent characters in \fIsplitChars\fR, or if the first or last
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character of \fIstring\fR is in \fIsplitChars\fR.
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If \fIsplitChars\fR is an empty string then each character of
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\fIstring\fR becomes a separate element of the result list.
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\fISplitChars\fR defaults to the standard white-space characters.
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.SH EXAMPLES
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.PP
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Divide up a USENET group name into its hierarchical components:
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.PP
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.CS
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\fBsplit\fR "comp.lang.tcl" .
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\fI\(-> comp lang tcl\fR
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.CE
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.PP
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See how the \fBsplit\fR command splits on \fIevery\fR character in
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\fIsplitChars\fR, which can result in information loss if you are not
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careful:
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.PP
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.CS
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\fBsplit\fR "alpha beta gamma" "temp"
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\fI\(-> al {ha b} {} {a ga} {} a\fR
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.CE
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.PP
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Extract the list words from a string that is not a well-formed list:
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.PP
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.CS
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\fBsplit\fR "Example with {unbalanced brace character"
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\fI\(-> Example with \e{unbalanced brace character\fR
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.CE
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.PP
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Split a string into its constituent characters
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.PP
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.CS
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\fBsplit\fR "Hello world" {}
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\fI\(-> H e l l o { } w o r l d\fR
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.CE
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.SS "PARSING RECORD-ORIENTED FILES"
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.PP
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Parse a Unix /etc/passwd file, which consists of one entry per line,
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with each line consisting of a colon-separated list of fields:
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.PP
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.CS
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## Read the file
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set fid [open /etc/passwd]
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set content [read $fid]
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close $fid
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## Split into records on newlines
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set records [\fBsplit\fR $content "\en"]
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## Iterate over the records
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foreach rec $records {
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## Split into fields on colons
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set fields [\fBsplit\fR $rec ":"]
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## Assign fields to variables and print some out...
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lassign $fields \e
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userName password uid grp longName homeDir shell
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puts "$longName uses [file tail $shell] for a login shell"
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}
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.CE
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.SH "SEE ALSO"
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join(n), list(n), string(n)
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.SH KEYWORDS
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list, split, string
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'\" Local Variables:
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'\" mode: nroff
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'\" End:
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