758 lines
25 KiB
Python
Executable File
758 lines
25 KiB
Python
Executable File
#!/usr/bin/env python
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'''
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Python WebSocket library with support for "wss://" encryption.
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Copyright 2010 Joel Martin
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Licensed under LGPL version 3 (see docs/LICENSE.LGPL-3)
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Supports following protocol versions:
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- http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-hixie-thewebsocketprotocol-75
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- http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-hixie-thewebsocketprotocol-76
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- http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-hybi-thewebsocketprotocol-07
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You can make a cert/key with openssl using:
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openssl req -new -x509 -days 365 -nodes -out self.pem -keyout self.pem
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as taken from http://docs.python.org/dev/library/ssl.html#certificates
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'''
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import sys, socket, ssl, struct, traceback, select
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import os, resource, errno, signal # daemonizing
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from SimpleHTTPServer import SimpleHTTPRequestHandler
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from cStringIO import StringIO
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from base64 import b64encode, b64decode
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try:
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from hashlib import md5, sha1
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except:
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# Support python 2.4
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from md5 import md5
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from sha import sha as sha1
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try:
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import numpy, ctypes
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except:
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numpy = ctypes = None
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from urlparse import urlsplit
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from cgi import parse_qsl
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class WebSocketServer(object):
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"""
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WebSockets server class.
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Must be sub-classed with new_client method definition.
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"""
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buffer_size = 65536
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server_handshake_hixie = """HTTP/1.1 101 Web Socket Protocol Handshake\r
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Upgrade: WebSocket\r
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Connection: Upgrade\r
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%sWebSocket-Origin: %s\r
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%sWebSocket-Location: %s://%s%s\r
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"""
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server_handshake_hybi = """HTTP/1.1 101 Switching Protocols\r
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Upgrade: websocket\r
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Connection: Upgrade\r
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Sec-WebSocket-Accept: %s\r
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"""
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GUID = "258EAFA5-E914-47DA-95CA-C5AB0DC85B11"
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policy_response = """<cross-domain-policy><allow-access-from domain="*" to-ports="*" /></cross-domain-policy>\n"""
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class EClose(Exception):
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pass
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def __init__(self, listen_host='', listen_port=None,
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verbose=False, cert='', key='', ssl_only=None,
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daemon=False, record='', web=''):
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# settings
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self.verbose = verbose
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self.listen_host = listen_host
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self.listen_port = listen_port
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self.ssl_only = ssl_only
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self.daemon = daemon
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# Make paths settings absolute
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self.cert = os.path.abspath(cert)
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self.key = self.web = self.record = ''
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if key:
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self.key = os.path.abspath(key)
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if web:
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self.web = os.path.abspath(web)
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if record:
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self.record = os.path.abspath(record)
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if self.web:
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os.chdir(self.web)
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self.handler_id = 1
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print "WebSocket server settings:"
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print " - Listen on %s:%s" % (
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self.listen_host, self.listen_port)
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print " - Flash security policy server"
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if self.web:
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print " - Web server"
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if os.path.exists(self.cert):
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print " - SSL/TLS support"
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if self.ssl_only:
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print " - Deny non-SSL/TLS connections"
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else:
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print " - No SSL/TLS support (no cert file)"
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if self.daemon:
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print " - Backgrounding (daemon)"
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#
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# WebSocketServer static methods
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#
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@staticmethod
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def daemonize(keepfd=None, chdir='/'):
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os.umask(0)
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if chdir:
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os.chdir(chdir)
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else:
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os.chdir('/')
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os.setgid(os.getgid()) # relinquish elevations
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os.setuid(os.getuid()) # relinquish elevations
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# Double fork to daemonize
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if os.fork() > 0: os._exit(0) # Parent exits
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os.setsid() # Obtain new process group
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if os.fork() > 0: os._exit(0) # Parent exits
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# Signal handling
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def terminate(a,b): os._exit(0)
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signal.signal(signal.SIGTERM, terminate)
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signal.signal(signal.SIGINT, signal.SIG_IGN)
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# Close open files
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maxfd = resource.getrlimit(resource.RLIMIT_NOFILE)[1]
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if maxfd == resource.RLIM_INFINITY: maxfd = 256
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for fd in reversed(range(maxfd)):
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try:
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if fd != keepfd:
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os.close(fd)
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except OSError, exc:
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if exc.errno != errno.EBADF: raise
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# Redirect I/O to /dev/null
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os.dup2(os.open(os.devnull, os.O_RDWR), sys.stdin.fileno())
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os.dup2(os.open(os.devnull, os.O_RDWR), sys.stdout.fileno())
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os.dup2(os.open(os.devnull, os.O_RDWR), sys.stderr.fileno())
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@staticmethod
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def encode_hybi(buf, opcode, base64=False):
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""" Encode a HyBi style WebSocket frame.
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Optional opcode:
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0x0 - continuation
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0x1 - text frame (base64 encode buf)
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0x2 - binary frame (use raw buf)
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0x8 - connection close
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0x9 - ping
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0xA - pong
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"""
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if base64:
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buf = b64encode(buf)
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b1 = 0x80 | (opcode & 0x0f) # FIN + opcode
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payload_len = len(buf)
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if payload_len <= 125:
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header = struct.pack('>BB', b1, payload_len)
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elif payload_len > 125 and payload_len <= 65536:
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header = struct.pack('>BBH', b1, 126, payload_len)
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elif payload_len >= 65536:
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header = struct.pack('>BBQ', b1, 127, payload_len)
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#print "Encoded: %s" % repr(header + buf)
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return header + buf
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@staticmethod
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def decode_hybi(buf, base64=False):
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""" Decode HyBi style WebSocket packets.
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Returns:
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{'fin' : 0_or_1,
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'opcode' : number,
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'mask' : 32_bit_number,
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'length' : payload_bytes_number,
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'payload' : decoded_buffer,
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'left' : bytes_left_number,
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'close_code' : number,
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'close_reason' : string}
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"""
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ret = {'fin' : 0,
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'opcode' : 0,
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'mask' : 0,
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'length' : 0,
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'payload' : None,
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'left' : 0,
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'close_code' : None,
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'close_reason' : None}
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blen = len(buf)
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ret['left'] = blen
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header_len = 2
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if blen < header_len:
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return ret # Incomplete frame header
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b1, b2 = struct.unpack_from(">BB", buf)
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ret['opcode'] = b1 & 0x0f
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ret['fin'] = (b1 & 0x80) >> 7
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has_mask = (b2 & 0x80) >> 7
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ret['length'] = b2 & 0x7f
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if ret['length'] == 126:
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header_len = 4
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if blen < header_len:
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return ret # Incomplete frame header
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(ret['length'],) = struct.unpack_from('>xxH', buf)
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elif ret['length'] == 127:
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header_len = 10
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if blen < header_len:
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return ret # Incomplete frame header
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(ret['length'],) = struct.unpack_from('>xxQ', buf)
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full_len = header_len + has_mask * 4 + ret['length']
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if blen < full_len: # Incomplete frame
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return ret # Incomplete frame header
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# Number of bytes that are part of the next frame(s)
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ret['left'] = blen - full_len
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# Process 1 frame
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if has_mask:
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# unmask payload
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ret['mask'] = buf[header_len:header_len+4]
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b = c = ''
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if ret['length'] >= 4:
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mask = numpy.frombuffer(buf, dtype=numpy.dtype('<L4'),
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offset=header_len, count=1)
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data = numpy.frombuffer(buf, dtype=numpy.dtype('<L4'),
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offset=header_len + 4, count=int(ret['length'] / 4))
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#b = numpy.bitwise_xor(data, mask).data
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b = numpy.bitwise_xor(data, mask).tostring()
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if ret['length'] % 4:
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print "Partial unmask"
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mask = numpy.frombuffer(buf, dtype=numpy.dtype('B'),
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offset=header_len, count=(ret['length'] % 4))
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data = numpy.frombuffer(buf, dtype=numpy.dtype('B'),
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offset=full_len - (ret['length'] % 4),
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count=(ret['length'] % 4))
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c = numpy.bitwise_xor(data, mask).tostring()
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ret['payload'] = b + c
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else:
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print "Unmasked frame:", repr(buf)
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ret['payload'] = buf[(header_len + has_mask * 4):full_len]
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if base64 and ret['opcode'] in [1, 2]:
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try:
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ret['payload'] = b64decode(ret['payload'])
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except:
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print "Exception while b64decoding buffer:", repr(buf)
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raise
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if ret['opcode'] == 0x08:
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if ret['length'] >= 2:
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ret['close_code'] = struct.unpack_from(
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">H", ret['payload'])
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if ret['length'] > 3:
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ret['close_reason'] = ret['payload'][2:]
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return ret
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@staticmethod
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def encode_hixie(buf):
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return "\x00" + b64encode(buf) + "\xff"
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@staticmethod
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def decode_hixie(buf):
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end = buf.find('\xff')
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return {'payload': b64decode(buf[1:end]),
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'left': len(buf) - (end + 1)}
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@staticmethod
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def parse_handshake(handshake):
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""" Parse fields from client WebSockets handshake. """
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ret = {}
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req_lines = handshake.split("\r\n")
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if not req_lines[0].startswith("GET "):
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raise Exception("Invalid handshake: no GET request line")
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ret['path'] = req_lines[0].split(" ")[1]
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for line in req_lines[1:]:
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if line == "": break
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try:
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var, val = line.split(": ")
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except:
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raise Exception("Invalid handshake header: %s" % line)
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ret[var] = val
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if req_lines[-2] == "":
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ret['key3'] = req_lines[-1]
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return ret
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@staticmethod
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def gen_md5(keys):
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""" Generate hash value for WebSockets hixie-76. """
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key1 = keys['Sec-WebSocket-Key1']
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key2 = keys['Sec-WebSocket-Key2']
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key3 = keys['key3']
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spaces1 = key1.count(" ")
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spaces2 = key2.count(" ")
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num1 = int("".join([c for c in key1 if c.isdigit()])) / spaces1
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num2 = int("".join([c for c in key2 if c.isdigit()])) / spaces2
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return md5(struct.pack('>II8s', num1, num2, key3)).digest()
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#
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# WebSocketServer logging/output functions
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#
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def traffic(self, token="."):
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""" Show traffic flow in verbose mode. """
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if self.verbose and not self.daemon:
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sys.stdout.write(token)
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sys.stdout.flush()
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def msg(self, msg):
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""" Output message with handler_id prefix. """
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if not self.daemon:
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print "% 3d: %s" % (self.handler_id, msg)
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def vmsg(self, msg):
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""" Same as msg() but only if verbose. """
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if self.verbose:
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self.msg(msg)
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#
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# Main WebSocketServer methods
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#
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def send_frames(self, bufs=None):
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""" Encode and send WebSocket frames. Any frames already
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queued will be sent first. If buf is not set then only queued
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frames will be sent. Returns the number of pending frames that
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could not be fully sent. If returned pending frames is greater
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than 0, then the caller should call again when the socket is
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ready. """
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if bufs:
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for buf in bufs:
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if self.version.startswith("hybi"):
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if self.base64:
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self.send_parts.append(self.encode_hybi(buf,
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opcode=1, base64=True))
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else:
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self.send_parts.append(self.encode_hybi(buf,
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opcode=2, base64=False))
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else:
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self.send_parts.append(self.encode_hixie(buf))
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while self.send_parts:
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# Send pending frames
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buf = self.send_parts.pop(0)
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sent = self.client.send(buf)
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if sent == len(buf):
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self.traffic("<")
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else:
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self.traffic("<.")
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self.send_parts.insert(0, buf[sent:])
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break
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return len(self.send_parts)
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def recv_frames(self):
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""" Receive and decode WebSocket frames.
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Returns:
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(bufs_list, closed_string)
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"""
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closed = False
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bufs = []
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buf = self.client.recv(self.buffer_size)
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if len(buf) == 0:
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closed = "Client closed abruptly"
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return bufs, closed
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if self.recv_part:
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# Add partially received frames to current read buffer
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buf = self.recv_part + buf
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self.recv_part = None
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while buf:
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if self.version.startswith("hybi"):
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frame = self.decode_hybi(buf, base64=self.base64)
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#print "Received buf: %s, frame: %s" % (repr(buf), frame)
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if frame['payload'] == None:
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# Incomplete/partial frame
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self.traffic("}.")
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if frame['left'] > 0:
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self.recv_part = buf[-frame['left']:]
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break
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else:
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if frame['opcode'] == 0x8: # connection close
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closed = "Client closed, reason: %s - %s" % (
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frame['close_code'],
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frame['close_reason'])
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break
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else:
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if buf[0:2] == '\xff\x00':
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closed = "Client sent orderly close frame"
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break
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elif buf[0:2] == '\x00\xff':
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buf = buf[2:]
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continue # No-op
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elif buf.count('\xff') == 0:
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# Partial frame
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self.traffic("}.")
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self.recv_part = buf
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break
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frame = self.decode_hixie(buf)
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self.traffic("}")
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bufs.append(frame['payload'])
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if frame['left']:
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buf = buf[-frame['left']:]
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else:
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buf = ''
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return bufs, closed
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def send_close(self, code=None, reason=''):
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""" Send a WebSocket orderly close frame. """
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if self.version.startswith("hybi"):
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msg = ''
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if code != None:
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msg = struct.pack(">H%ds" % (len(reason)), code)
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buf = self.encode_hybi(msg, opcode=0x08, base64=False)
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self.client.send(buf)
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elif self.version == "hixie-76":
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buf = self.encode_hixie('\xff\x00')
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self.client.send(buf)
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# No orderly close for 75
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def do_handshake(self, sock, address):
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"""
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do_handshake does the following:
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- Peek at the first few bytes from the socket.
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- If the connection is Flash policy request then answer it,
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close the socket and return.
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- If the connection is an HTTPS/SSL/TLS connection then SSL
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wrap the socket.
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- Read from the (possibly wrapped) socket.
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- If we have received a HTTP GET request and the webserver
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functionality is enabled, answer it, close the socket and
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return.
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- Assume we have a WebSockets connection, parse the client
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handshake data.
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- Send a WebSockets handshake server response.
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- Return the socket for this WebSocket client.
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"""
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stype = ""
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ready = select.select([sock], [], [], 3)[0]
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if not ready:
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raise self.EClose("ignoring socket not ready")
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# Peek, but do not read the data so that we have a opportunity
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# to SSL wrap the socket first
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handshake = sock.recv(1024, socket.MSG_PEEK)
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#self.msg("Handshake [%s]" % handshake)
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if handshake == "":
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raise self.EClose("ignoring empty handshake")
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elif handshake.startswith("<policy-file-request/>"):
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# Answer Flash policy request
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handshake = sock.recv(1024)
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sock.send(self.policy_response)
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raise self.EClose("Sending flash policy response")
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elif handshake[0] in ("\x16", "\x80"):
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# SSL wrap the connection
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if not os.path.exists(self.cert):
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raise self.EClose("SSL connection but '%s' not found"
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% self.cert)
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try:
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retsock = ssl.wrap_socket(
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sock,
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server_side=True,
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certfile=self.cert,
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keyfile=self.key)
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except ssl.SSLError, x:
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if x.args[0] == ssl.SSL_ERROR_EOF:
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raise self.EClose("")
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else:
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raise
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scheme = "wss"
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stype = "SSL/TLS (wss://)"
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elif self.ssl_only:
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raise self.EClose("non-SSL connection received but disallowed")
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else:
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retsock = sock
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scheme = "ws"
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stype = "Plain non-SSL (ws://)"
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# Now get the data from the socket
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handshake = retsock.recv(4096)
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if len(handshake) == 0:
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raise self.EClose("Client closed during handshake")
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# Check for and handle normal web requests
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if (handshake.startswith('GET ') and
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handshake.find('Upgrade: WebSocket\r\n') == -1 and
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handshake.find('Upgrade: websocket\r\n') == -1):
|
|
if not self.web:
|
|
raise self.EClose("Normal web request received but disallowed")
|
|
sh = SplitHTTPHandler(handshake, retsock, address)
|
|
if sh.last_code < 200 or sh.last_code >= 300:
|
|
raise self.EClose(sh.last_message)
|
|
elif self.verbose:
|
|
raise self.EClose(sh.last_message)
|
|
else:
|
|
raise self.EClose("")
|
|
|
|
#self.msg("handshake: " + repr(handshake))
|
|
# Parse client WebSockets handshake
|
|
h = self.headers = self.parse_handshake(handshake)
|
|
|
|
prot = 'WebSocket-Protocol'
|
|
protocols = h.get('Sec-'+prot, h.get(prot, '')).split(',')
|
|
|
|
ver = h.get('Sec-WebSocket-Version')
|
|
if ver:
|
|
# HyBi/IETF version of the protocol
|
|
|
|
if not numpy or not ctypes:
|
|
self.EClose("Python numpy and ctypes modules required for HyBi-07 or greater")
|
|
|
|
if ver == '7':
|
|
self.version = "hybi-07"
|
|
else:
|
|
raise self.EClose('Unsupported protocol version %s' % ver)
|
|
|
|
key = h['Sec-WebSocket-Key']
|
|
|
|
# Choose binary if client supports it
|
|
if 'binary' in protocols:
|
|
self.base64 = False
|
|
elif 'base64' in protocols:
|
|
self.base64 = True
|
|
else:
|
|
raise self.EClose("Client must support 'binary' or 'base64' protocol")
|
|
|
|
# Generate the hash value for the accept header
|
|
accept = b64encode(sha1(key + self.GUID).digest())
|
|
|
|
response = self.server_handshake_hybi % accept
|
|
if self.base64:
|
|
response += "Sec-WebSocket-Protocol: base64\r\n"
|
|
else:
|
|
response += "Sec-WebSocket-Protocol: binary\r\n"
|
|
response += "\r\n"
|
|
|
|
else:
|
|
# Hixie version of the protocol (75 or 76)
|
|
|
|
if h.get('key3'):
|
|
trailer = self.gen_md5(h)
|
|
pre = "Sec-"
|
|
self.version = "hixie-76"
|
|
else:
|
|
trailer = ""
|
|
pre = ""
|
|
self.version = "hixie-75"
|
|
|
|
# We only support base64 in Hixie era
|
|
self.base64 = True
|
|
|
|
response = self.server_handshake_hixie % (pre,
|
|
h['Origin'], pre, scheme, h['Host'], h['path'])
|
|
|
|
if 'base64' in protocols:
|
|
response += "%sWebSocket-Protocol: base64\r\n" % pre
|
|
else:
|
|
self.msg("Warning: client does not report 'base64' protocol support")
|
|
response += "\r\n" + trailer
|
|
|
|
self.msg("%s: %s WebSocket connection" % (address[0], stype))
|
|
self.msg("%s: Version %s, base64: '%s'" % (address[0],
|
|
self.version, self.base64))
|
|
|
|
# Send server WebSockets handshake response
|
|
#self.msg("sending response [%s]" % response)
|
|
retsock.send(response)
|
|
|
|
# Return the WebSockets socket which may be SSL wrapped
|
|
return retsock
|
|
|
|
|
|
#
|
|
# Events that can/should be overridden in sub-classes
|
|
#
|
|
def started(self):
|
|
""" Called after WebSockets startup """
|
|
self.vmsg("WebSockets server started")
|
|
|
|
def poll(self):
|
|
""" Run periodically while waiting for connections. """
|
|
#self.vmsg("Running poll()")
|
|
pass
|
|
|
|
def top_SIGCHLD(self, sig, stack):
|
|
# Reap zombies after calling child SIGCHLD handler
|
|
self.do_SIGCHLD(sig, stack)
|
|
self.vmsg("Got SIGCHLD, reaping zombies")
|
|
try:
|
|
result = os.waitpid(-1, os.WNOHANG)
|
|
while result[0]:
|
|
self.vmsg("Reaped child process %s" % result[0])
|
|
result = os.waitpid(-1, os.WNOHANG)
|
|
except (OSError):
|
|
pass
|
|
|
|
def do_SIGCHLD(self, sig, stack):
|
|
pass
|
|
|
|
def do_SIGINT(self, sig, stack):
|
|
self.msg("Got SIGINT, exiting")
|
|
sys.exit(0)
|
|
|
|
def new_client(self, client):
|
|
""" Do something with a WebSockets client connection. """
|
|
raise("WebSocketServer.new_client() must be overloaded")
|
|
|
|
def start_server(self):
|
|
"""
|
|
Daemonize if requested. Listen for for connections. Run
|
|
do_handshake() method for each connection. If the connection
|
|
is a WebSockets client then call new_client() method (which must
|
|
be overridden) for each new client connection.
|
|
"""
|
|
|
|
lsock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
|
|
lsock.setsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET, socket.SO_REUSEADDR, 1)
|
|
lsock.bind((self.listen_host, self.listen_port))
|
|
lsock.listen(100)
|
|
|
|
if self.daemon:
|
|
self.daemonize(keepfd=lsock.fileno(), chdir=self.web)
|
|
|
|
self.started() # Some things need to happen after daemonizing
|
|
|
|
# Reep zombies
|
|
signal.signal(signal.SIGCHLD, self.top_SIGCHLD)
|
|
signal.signal(signal.SIGINT, self.do_SIGINT)
|
|
|
|
while True:
|
|
try:
|
|
try:
|
|
self.client = None
|
|
startsock = None
|
|
pid = err = 0
|
|
|
|
try:
|
|
self.poll()
|
|
|
|
ready = select.select([lsock], [], [], 1)[0];
|
|
if lsock in ready:
|
|
startsock, address = lsock.accept()
|
|
else:
|
|
continue
|
|
except Exception, exc:
|
|
if hasattr(exc, 'errno'):
|
|
err = exc.errno
|
|
else:
|
|
err = exc[0]
|
|
if err == errno.EINTR:
|
|
self.vmsg("Ignoring interrupted syscall")
|
|
continue
|
|
else:
|
|
raise
|
|
|
|
self.vmsg('%s: forking handler' % address[0])
|
|
pid = os.fork()
|
|
|
|
if pid == 0:
|
|
# Initialize per client settings
|
|
self.send_parts = []
|
|
self.recv_part = None
|
|
self.base64 = False
|
|
# handler process
|
|
self.client = self.do_handshake(
|
|
startsock, address)
|
|
self.new_client()
|
|
else:
|
|
# parent process
|
|
self.handler_id += 1
|
|
|
|
except self.EClose, exc:
|
|
# Connection was not a WebSockets connection
|
|
if exc.args[0]:
|
|
self.msg("%s: %s" % (address[0], exc.args[0]))
|
|
except KeyboardInterrupt, exc:
|
|
pass
|
|
except Exception, exc:
|
|
self.msg("handler exception: %s" % str(exc))
|
|
if self.verbose:
|
|
self.msg(traceback.format_exc())
|
|
|
|
finally:
|
|
if self.client and self.client != startsock:
|
|
self.client.close()
|
|
if startsock:
|
|
startsock.close()
|
|
|
|
if pid == 0:
|
|
break # Child process exits
|
|
|
|
|
|
# HTTP handler with request from a string and response to a socket
|
|
class SplitHTTPHandler(SimpleHTTPRequestHandler):
|
|
def __init__(self, req, resp, addr):
|
|
# Save the response socket
|
|
self.response = resp
|
|
SimpleHTTPRequestHandler.__init__(self, req, addr, object())
|
|
|
|
def setup(self):
|
|
self.connection = self.response
|
|
# Duck type request string to file object
|
|
self.rfile = StringIO(self.request)
|
|
self.wfile = self.connection.makefile('wb', self.wbufsize)
|
|
|
|
def send_response(self, code, message=None):
|
|
# Save the status code
|
|
self.last_code = code
|
|
SimpleHTTPRequestHandler.send_response(self, code, message)
|
|
|
|
def log_message(self, f, *args):
|
|
# Save instead of printing
|
|
self.last_message = f % args
|
|
|
|
|