diff --git a/test/testing.c b/test/testing.c
index 803ff145..bd168b4e 100644
--- a/test/testing.c
+++ b/test/testing.c
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 #include <stdlib.h>
 #include <setjmp.h>
 #include <string.h>
+#include "timer.h"
 #include "testing.h"
 #include "testingpriv.h"
 
@@ -161,17 +162,17 @@ static void testsetRun(struct testset *set, int *anyFailed)
 	size_t i;
 	testingT *t;
 	const char *status;
-	testingTimer *timer;
-	char *timerstr;
+	timerTime start, end;
+	char timerstr[timeDurationStringLen];
 
 	t = set->tests;
 	timer = testingNewTimer();
 	for (i = 0; i < set->len; i++) {
 		printf("=== RUN   %s\n", t->name);
-		testingTimerStart(timer);
+		start = timerMonotonicNow();
 		if (setjmp(t->returnNowBuf) == 0)
 			(*(t->f))(t);
-		testingTimerEnd(timer);
+		end = timerMonotonicNow();
 		t->returned = 1;
 		runDefers(t);
 		status = "PASS";
@@ -181,9 +182,8 @@ static void testsetRun(struct testset *set, int *anyFailed)
 		} else if (t->skipped)
 			// note that failed overrides skipped
 			status = "SKIP";
-		timerstr = testingNsecString(testingTimerNsec(timer));
+		timerDurationString(timerTimeSub(end, start), timerstr);
 		printf("--- %s: %s (%s)\n", status, t->name, timerstr);
-		testingFreeNsecString(timerstr);
 		t++;
 	}
 	testingFreeTimer(timer);
@@ -277,135 +277,3 @@ void testingTDefer(testingT *t, void (*f)(testingT *t, void *data), void *data)
 	d->next = t->defers;
 	t->defers = d;
 }
-
-// This is based on the algorithm that Go uses for time.Duration.
-// Of course, we're not expressing it the same way...
-struct timerStringPart {
-	char suffix;
-	char suffix2;
-	int mode;
-	uint32_t maxOrMod;
-	int precision;
-};
-
-enum {
-	modeMaxAndStop,
-	modeFracModContinue,
-};
-
-static const struct timerStringPart parts[] = {
-	{ 'n', 's', modeMaxAndStop, 1000, 0 },
-	{ 'u', 's', modeMaxAndStop, 1000000, 3 },
-	{ 'm', 's', modeMaxAndStop, 1000000000, 6 },
-	{ 's', 0, modeFracModContinue, 60, 9 },
-	{ 'm', 0, modeFracModContinue, 60, 0 },
-	{ 'h', 0, modeFracModContinue, 60, 0 },
-	{ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 },
-};
-
-static void fillFracPart(char *s, int precision, int *start, uint64_t *unsec)
-{
-	int i;
-	int print;
-	uint64_t digit;
-
-	print = 0;
-	for (i = 0; i < precision; i++) {
-		digit = *unsec % 10;
-		print = print || (digit != 0);
-		if (print) {
-			s[*start - 1] = "0123456789"[digit];
-			(*start)--;
-		}
-		*unsec /= 10;
-	}
-	if (print) {
-		s[*start - 1] = '.';
-		(*start)--;
-	}
-}
-
-static void fillIntPart(char *s, int *start, uint64_t unsec)
-{
-	if (unsec == 0) {
-		s[*start - 1] = '0';
-		(*start)--;
-		return;
-	}
-	while (unsec != 0) {
-		s[*start - 1] = "0123456789"[unsec % 10];
-		(*start)--;
-		unsec /= 10;
-	}
-}
-
-char *testingNsecString(int64_t nsec)
-{
-	uint64_t unsec;
-	int neg;
-	char *s;
-	int start;
-	const struct timerStringPart *p;
-
-	// The Go algorithm says 32 should be enough.
-	s = testingprivNewArray(char, 33);
-	start = 32;
-
-	if (nsec == 0) {
-		s[0] = '0';
-		s[1] = 's';
-		return s;
-	}
-	unsec = (uint64_t) nsec;
-	neg = 0;
-	if (nsec < 0) {
-#ifdef _MSC_VER
-// TODO figure out a more explicit way to do this; until then, just go with what the standard says should happen, because it's what we want (TODO verify this)
-#pragma warning(push)
-#pragma warning(disable: 4146)
-#endif
-		unsec = -unsec;
-#ifdef _MSC_VER
-#pragma warning(pop)
-#endif
-		neg = 1;
-	}
-
-	for (p = parts; p->suffix != 0; p++) {
-		if (p->mode == modeMaxAndStop && unsec < p->maxOrMod) {
-			if (p->suffix2 != 0) {
-				s[start - 1] = p->suffix2;
-				start--;
-			}
-			s[start - 1] = p->suffix;
-			start--;
-			fillFracPart(s, p->precision, &start, &unsec);
-			fillIntPart(s, &start, unsec);
-			break;
-		}
-		if (p->mode == modeFracModContinue && unsec != 0) {
-			if (p->suffix2 != 0) {
-				s[start - 1] = p->suffix2;
-				start--;
-			}
-			s[start - 1] = p->suffix;
-			start--;
-			fillFracPart(s, p->precision, &start, &unsec);
-			fillIntPart(s, &start, unsec % p->maxOrMod);
-			unsec /= p->maxOrMod;
-			// and move on to the next one
-		}
-	}
-
-	if (neg) {
-		s[start - 1] = '-';
-		start--;
-	}
-	memmove(s, s + start, 33 - start);
-	return s;
-}
-
-void testingFreeNsecString(char *s)
-{
-	testingprivFree(s);
-}
diff --git a/test/testing_windows.c b/test/testing_windows.c
index d29a45d3..70e9f326 100644
--- a/test/testing_windows.c
+++ b/test/testing_windows.c
@@ -172,48 +172,6 @@ static HRESULT WINAPI hrWaitForSingleObject(HANDLE handle, DWORD timeout)
 	return S_OK;
 }
 
-struct testingTimer {
-	LARGE_INTEGER start;
-	LARGE_INTEGER end;
-};
-
-testingTimer *testingNewTimer(void)
-{
-	return testingprivNew(testingTimer);
-}
-
-void testingFreeTimer(testingTimer *t)
-{
-	testingprivFree(t);
-}
-
-void testingTimerStart(testingTimer *t)
-{
-	QueryPerformanceCounter(&(t->start));
-}
-
-void testingTimerEnd(testingTimer *t)
-{
-	QueryPerformanceCounter(&(t->end));
-}
-
-int64_t testingTimerNsec(testingTimer *t)
-{
-	LARGE_INTEGER qpf;
-	int64_t qpnsQuot, qpnsRem;
-	int64_t c;
-	int64_t ret;
-
-	QueryPerformanceFrequency(&qpf);
-	qpnsQuot = testingNsecPerSec / qpf.QuadPart;
-	qpnsRem = testingNsecPerSec % qpf.QuadPart;
-	c = t->end.QuadPart - t->start.QuadPart;
-
-	ret = c * qpnsQuot;
-	ret += (c * qpnsRem) / qpf.QuadPart;
-	return ret;
-}
-
 // note: the idea for the SetThreadContext() nuttery is from https://www.codeproject.com/Articles/71529/Exception-Injection-Throwing-an-Exception-in-Other
 
 static jmp_buf timeout_ret;
@@ -398,32 +356,6 @@ out:
 		testingTFailNow(t);
 }
 
-void testingSleep(int64_t nsec)
-{
-	HANDLE timer;
-	LARGE_INTEGER duration;
-	HRESULT hr;
-
-	duration.QuadPart = nsec / 100;
-	duration.QuadPart = -duration.QuadPart;
-	hr = hrCreateWaitableTimerW(NULL, TRUE, NULL, &timer);
-	if (hr != S_OK)
-		goto fallback;
-	hr = hrSetWaitableTimer(timer, &duration, 0, NULL, NULL, FALSE);
-	if (hr != S_OK) {
-		CloseHandle(timer);
-		goto fallback;
-	}
-	hr = hrWaitForSingleObject(timer, INFINITE);
-	CloseHandle(timer);
-	if (hr == S_OK)
-		return;
-
-fallback:
-	// this has lower resolution, but we can't detect a failure, so use it as a fallback
-	Sleep((DWORD) (nsec / testingNsecPerMsec));
-}
-
 struct testingThread {
 	uintptr_t handle;
 	void (*f)(void *data);
diff --git a/test/timer.c b/test/timer.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..d9dc32bf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/timer.c
@@ -0,0 +1,129 @@
+// 2 may 2019
+#include <string.h>
+#include "timer.h"
+
+// This is based on the algorithm that Go uses for time.Duration.
+// Of course, we're not expressing it the same way...
+struct timerStringPart {
+	char suffix;
+	char suffix2;
+	int mode;
+	uint32_t maxOrMod;
+	int precision;
+};
+
+enum {
+	modeMaxAndStop,
+	modeFracModContinue,
+};
+
+static const struct timerStringPart parts[] = {
+	{ 'n', 's', modeMaxAndStop, 1000, 0 },
+	{ 'u', 's', modeMaxAndStop, 1000000, 3 },
+	{ 'm', 's', modeMaxAndStop, 1000000000, 6 },
+	{ 's', 0, modeFracModContinue, 60, 9 },
+	{ 'm', 0, modeFracModContinue, 60, 0 },
+	{ 'h', 0, modeFracModContinue, 60, 0 },
+	{ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 },
+};
+
+static int fillFracPart(char *buf, int precision, int start, uint64_t *unsec)
+{
+	int i;
+	int print;
+	uint64_t digit;
+
+	print = 0;
+	for (i = 0; i < precision; i++) {
+		digit = *unsec % 10;
+		print = print || (digit != 0);
+		if (print) {
+			buf[start - 1] = "0123456789"[digit];
+			start--;
+		}
+		*unsec /= 10;
+	}
+	if (print) {
+		buf[start - 1] = '.';
+		start--;
+	}
+	return start;
+}
+
+static int fillIntPart(char *buf, int start, uint64_t unsec)
+{
+	if (unsec == 0) {
+		buf[start - 1] = '0';
+		start--;
+		return start;
+	}
+	while (unsec != 0) {
+		buf[start - 1] = "0123456789"[unsec % 10];
+		start--;
+		unsec /= 10;
+	}
+	return start;
+}
+
+void timerDurationString(timerDuration d, char buf[timerDurationStringLen])
+{
+	uint64_t unsec;
+	int neg;
+	int start;
+	const struct timerStringPart *p;
+
+	memset(buf, 0, timerTimeStringLen * sizeof (char));
+	start = 32;
+
+	if (d == 0) {
+		buf[0] = '0';
+		buf[1] = 's';
+		return;
+	}
+	unsec = (uint64_t) d;
+	neg = 0;
+	if (d < 0) {
+#ifdef _MSC_VER
+// TODO figure out a more explicit way to do this; until then, just go with what the standard says should happen, because it's what we want (TODO verify this)
+#pragma warning(push)
+#pragma warning(disable: 4146)
+#endif
+		unsec = -unsec;
+#ifdef _MSC_VER
+#pragma warning(pop)
+#endif
+		neg = 1;
+	}
+
+	for (p = parts; p->suffix != 0; p++) {
+		if (p->mode == modeMaxAndStop && unsec < p->maxOrMod) {
+			if (p->suffix2 != 0) {
+				buf[start - 1] = p->suffix2;
+				start--;
+			}
+			buf[start - 1] = p->suffix;
+			start--;
+			start = fillFracPart(buf, p->precision, start, &unsec);
+			start = fillIntPart(buf, start, unsec);
+			break;
+		}
+		if (p->mode == modeFracModContinue && unsec != 0) {
+			if (p->suffix2 != 0) {
+				buf[start - 1] = p->suffix2;
+				start--;
+			}
+			buf[start - 1] = p->suffix;
+			start--;
+			start = fillFracPart(buf, p->precision, start, &unsec);
+			start = fillIntPart(buf, start, unsec % p->maxOrMod);
+			unsec /= p->maxOrMod;
+			// and move on to the next one
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (neg) {
+		buf[start - 1] = '-';
+		start--;
+	}
+	memmove(buf, buf + start, 33 - start);
+}
diff --git a/test/timer.h b/test/timer.h
index 2aa03e2a..fe387b52 100644
--- a/test/timer.h
+++ b/test/timer.h
@@ -11,13 +11,12 @@ typedef int64_t timerTime;
 #define timerSecond ((Duration) 1000000000)
 
 extern timerTime timerMonotonicNow(void);
-extern timerDuration timerTimeSub(timerTime start, timerTime end);
+extern timerDuration timerTimeSub(timerTime end, timerTime start);
 
 // The Go algorithm says 32 should be enough.
 // We use 33 to count the terminating NUL.
-#define timerTimeStringLen 33
-
-extern void timerDurationString(timerDuration d, char buf[timerTimeStringLen]);
+#define timerDurationStringLen 33
+extern void timerDurationString(timerDuration d, char buf[timerDurationStringLen]);
 
 typedef uint64_t timerSysError;
 #ifdef _WIN32
diff --git a/test/timer_windows.c b/test/timer_windows.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..d9c0e92c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/timer_windows.c
@@ -0,0 +1,110 @@
+// 23 april 2019
+#define UNICODE
+#define _UNICODE
+#define STRICT
+#define STRICT_TYPED_ITEMIDS
+#define WINVER			0x0600
+#define _WIN32_WINNT		0x0600
+#define _WIN32_WINDOWS	0x0600
+#define _WIN32_IE			0x0700
+#define NTDDI_VERSION		0x06000000
+#include <windows.h>
+#include "timer.h"
+
+static HRESULT lastErrorCodeToHRESULT(DWORD lastError)
+{
+	if (lastError == 0)
+		return E_FAIL;
+	return HRESULT_FROM_WIN32(lastError);
+}
+
+static HRESULT lastErrorToHRESULT(void)
+{
+	return lastErrorCodeToHRESULT(GetLastError());
+}
+
+static HRESULT WINAPI hrWaitForMultipleObjectsEx(DWORD n, const HANDLE *objects, BOOL waitAll, DWORD timeout, BOOL alertable, DWORD *result)
+{
+	SetLastError(0);
+	*result = WaitForMultipleObjectsEx(n, objects, waitAll, timeout, alertable);
+	if (*result == WAIT_FAILED)
+		return lastErrorToHRESULT();
+	return S_OK;
+}
+
+static HRESULT WINAPI hrCreateWaitableTimerW(LPSECURITY_ATTRIBUTES attributes, BOOL manualReset, LPCWSTR name, HANDLE *handle)
+{
+	SetLastError(0);
+	*handle = CreateWaitableTimerW(attributes, manualReset, name);
+	if (*handle == NULL)
+		return lastErrorToHRESULT();
+	return S_OK;
+}
+
+static HRESULT WINAPI hrSetWaitableTimer(HANDLE timer, const LARGE_INTEGER *duration, LONG period, PTIMERAPCROUTINE completionRoutine, LPVOID completionData, BOOL resume)
+{
+	BOOL ret;
+
+	SetLastError(0);
+	ret = SetWaitableTimer(timer, duration, period, completionRoutine, completionData, resume);
+	if (ret == 0)
+		return lastErrorToHRESULT();
+	return S_OK;
+}
+
+static HRESULT WINAPI hrWaitForSingleObject(HANDLE handle, DWORD timeout)
+{
+	DWORD ret;
+
+	SetLastError(0);
+	ret = WaitForSingleObject(handle, timeout);
+	if (ret == WAIT_FAILED)
+		return lastErrorToHRESULT();
+	return S_OK;
+}
+
+timerTime timerMonotonicNow(void)
+{
+	LARGE_INTEGER qpc;
+
+	QueryPerformanceCounter(&qpc);
+	return qpc.QuadPart;
+}
+
+timerDuration timerTimeSub(timerTime end, timerTime start)
+{
+	LARGE_INTEGER qpf;
+	timerDuration qpnsQuot, qpnsRem;
+	timerTime c;
+	timerDuration ret;
+
+	QueryPerformanceFrequency(&qpf);
+	qpnsQuot = timerSecond / qpf.QuadPart;
+	qpnsRem = timerSecond % qpf.QuadPart;
+	c = end - start;
+
+	ret = ((timerDuration) c) * qpnsQuot;
+	ret += (c * qpnsRem) / qpf.QuadPart;
+	return ret;
+}
+
+timerSysError timerSleep(timerDuration nsec)
+{
+	HANDLE timer;
+	LARGE_INTEGER duration;
+	HRESULT hr;
+
+	duration.QuadPart = nsec / 100;
+	duration.QuadPart = -duration.QuadPart;
+	hr = hrCreateWaitableTimerW(NULL, TRUE, NULL, &timer);
+	if (hr != S_OK)
+		return (timerSysError) hr;
+	hr = hrSetWaitableTimer(timer, &duration, 0, NULL, NULL, FALSE);
+	if (hr != S_OK) {
+		CloseHandle(timer);
+		return (timerSysError) hr;
+	}
+	hr = hrWaitForSingleObject(timer, INFINITE);
+	CloseHandle(timer);
+	return (timerSysError) hr;
+}