With this commit, core/state's access to the underlying key/value database is
mediated through an interface. Database errors are tracked in StateDB and
returned by CommitTo or the new Error method.
Motivation for this change: We can remove the light client's duplicated copy of
core/state. The light client now supports node iteration, so tracing and storage
enumeration can work with the light client (not implemented in this commit).
This commit is a preparation for the upcoming metropolis hardfork. It
prepares the state, core and vm packages such that integration with
metropolis becomes less of a hassle.
* Difficulty calculation requires header instead of individual
parameters
* statedb.StartRecord renamed to statedb.Prepare and added Finalise
method required by metropolis, which removes unwanted accounts from
the state (i.e. selfdestruct)
* State keeps record of destructed objects (in addition to dirty
objects)
* core/vm pre-compiles may now return errors
* core/vm pre-compiles gas check now take the full byte slice as argument
instead of just the size
* core/vm now keeps several hard-fork instruction tables instead of a
single instruction table and removes the need for hard-fork checks in
the instructions
* core/vm contains a empty restruction function which is added in
preparation of metropolis write-only mode operations
* Adds the bn256 curve
* Adds and sets the metropolis chain config block parameters (2^64-1)
* Improved the standard evm tracer output and renamed it to WriteTrace
which now takes an io.Writer to write the logs to.
* Added WriteLogs which writes logs to the given writer in a readable
format.
* evm utility now also prints logs generated during the execution.
* common/math: optimize PaddedBigBytes, use it more
name old time/op new time/op delta
PaddedBigBytes-8 71.1ns ± 5% 46.1ns ± 1% -35.15% (p=0.000 n=20+19)
name old alloc/op new alloc/op delta
PaddedBigBytes-8 48.0B ± 0% 32.0B ± 0% -33.33% (p=0.000 n=20+20)
* all: unify big.Int zero checks
Various checks were in use. This commit replaces them all with Int.Sign,
which is cheaper and less code.
eg templates:
func before(x *big.Int) bool { return x.BitLen() == 0 }
func after(x *big.Int) bool { return x.Sign() == 0 }
func before(x *big.Int) bool { return x.BitLen() > 0 }
func after(x *big.Int) bool { return x.Sign() != 0 }
func before(x *big.Int) int { return x.Cmp(common.Big0) }
func after(x *big.Int) int { return x.Sign() }
* common/math, crypto/secp256k1: make ReadBits public in package math
* common: remove CurrencyToString
Move denomination values to params instead.
* common: delete dead code
* common: move big integer operations to common/math
This commit consolidates all big integer operations into common/math and
adds tests and documentation.
There should be no change in semantics for BigPow, BigMin, BigMax, S256,
U256, Exp and their behaviour is now locked in by tests.
The BigD, BytesToBig and Bytes2Big functions don't provide additional
value, all uses are replaced by new(big.Int).SetBytes().
BigToBytes is now called PaddedBigBytes, its minimum output size
parameter is now specified as the number of bytes instead of bits. The
single use of this function is in the EVM's MSTORE instruction.
Big and String2Big are replaced by ParseBig, which is slightly stricter.
It previously accepted leading zeros for hexadecimal inputs but treated
decimal inputs as octal if a leading zero digit was present.
ParseUint64 is used in places where String2Big was used to decode a
uint64.
The new functions MustParseBig and MustParseUint64 are now used in many
places where parsing errors were previously ignored.
* common: delete unused big integer variables
* accounts/abi: replace uses of BytesToBig with use of encoding/binary
* common: remove BytesToBig
* common: remove Bytes2Big
* common: remove BigTrue
* cmd/utils: add BigFlag and use it for error-checked integer flags
While here, remove environment variable processing for DirectoryFlag
because we don't use it.
* core: add missing error checks in genesis block parser
* common: remove String2Big
* cmd/evm: use utils.BigFlag
* common/math: check for 256 bit overflow in ParseBig
This is supposed to prevent silent overflow/truncation of values in the
genesis block JSON. Without this check, a genesis block that set a
balance larger than 256 bits would lead to weird behaviour in the VM.
* cmd/utils: fixup import
Reworked the EVM gas instructions to use 64bit integers rather than
arbitrary size big ints. All gas operations, be it additions,
multiplications or divisions, are checked and guarded against 64 bit
integer overflows.
In additon, most of the protocol paramaters in the params package have
been converted to uint64 and are now constants rather than variables.
* common/math: added overflow check ops
* core: vmenv, env renamed to evm
* eth, internal/ethapi, les: unmetered eth_call and cancel methods
* core/vm: implemented big.Int pool for evm instructions
* core/vm: unexported intPool methods & verification methods
* core/vm: added memoryGasCost overflow check and test
Reworked the EVM gas instructions to use 64bit integers rather than
arbitrary size big ints. All gas operations, be it additions,
multiplications or divisions, are checked and guarded against 64 bit
integer overflows.
In additon, most of the protocol paramaters in the params package have
been converted to uint64 and are now constants rather than variables.
* common/math: added overflow check ops
* core: vmenv, env renamed to evm
* eth, internal/ethapi, les: unmetered eth_call and cancel methods
* core/vm: implemented big.Int pool for evm instructions
* core/vm: unexported intPool methods & verification methods
* core/vm: added memoryGasCost overflow check and test
This significantly reduces the dependency closure of ethclient, which no
longer depends on core/vm as of this change.
All uses of vm.Logs are replaced by []*types.Log. NewLog is gone too,
the constructor simply returned a literal.
The run loop, which previously contained custom opcode executes have been
removed and has been simplified to a few checks.
Each operation consists of 4 elements: execution function, gas cost function,
stack validation function and memory size function. The execution function
implements the operation's runtime behaviour, the gas cost function implements
the operation gas costs function and greatly depends on the memory and stack,
the stack validation function validates the stack and makes sure that enough
items can be popped off and pushed on and the memory size function calculates
the memory required for the operation and returns it.
This commit also allows the EVM to go unmetered. This is helpful for offline
operations such as contract calls.
To address increasing complexity in code that handles signatures, this PR
discards all notion of "different" signature types at the library level. Both
the crypto and accounts package is reduced to only be able to produce plain
canonical secp256k1 signatures. This makes the crpyto APIs much cleaner,
simpler and harder to abuse.
Péter Szilágyi
Martin Holst Swende
Jeffrey Wilcke
Joel Burget
evgk
cdetrio
Felix Lange
Nick Johnson
Valentin Wüstholz
Felix Lange
Yohann Leon
Valentin Wüstholz