cmd/evm, eth/tracers: refactor structlogger and make it streaming (#30806)

This PR refactors the structlog a bit, making it so that it can be used
in a streaming mode.

-------------

OBS: this PR makes a change in the input `config` config, the third
input-parem field to `debug.traceCall`. Previously, seteting it to e.g.
` {"enableMemory": true, "limit": 1024}` would mean that the response
was limited to `1024` items. Since an 'item' may include both memory and
storage, the actual size of the response was undertermined.
After this change, the response will be limited to `1024` __`bytes`__
(or thereabouts).



-----------


The commandline usage of structlog now uses the streaming mode, leaving
the non-streaming mode of operation for the eth_Call.

There are two benefits of streaming mode 
1. Not have to maintain a long list of operations, 
2. Not have to duplicate / n-plicate data, e.g. memory / stack /
returndata so that each entry has their own private slice.


---------

Co-authored-by: Gary Rong <garyrong0905@gmail.com>

cmd/evm/main.go

@@ -240,13 +240,13 @@ func tracerFromFlags(ctx *cli.Context) *tracing.Hooks {
 	}
 	switch {
 	case ctx.Bool(TraceFlag.Name) && ctx.String(TraceFormatFlag.Name) == "struct":
-		return logger.NewStructLogger(config).Hooks()
+		return logger.NewStreamingStructLogger(config, os.Stderr).Hooks()
 	case ctx.Bool(TraceFlag.Name) && ctx.String(TraceFormatFlag.Name) == "json":
 		return logger.NewJSONLogger(config, os.Stderr)
 	case ctx.Bool(MachineFlag.Name):
 		return logger.NewJSONLogger(config, os.Stderr)
 	case ctx.Bool(DebugFlag.Name):
-		return logger.NewStructLogger(config).Hooks()
+		return logger.NewStreamingStructLogger(config, os.Stderr).Hooks()
 	default:
 		return nil
 	}

cmd/evm/runner.go

@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@ package main
 
 import (
 	"bytes"
+	"encoding/hex"
 	"encoding/json"
 	"fmt"
 	"io"
@@ -35,6 +36,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/rawdb"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/state"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/tracing"
+	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/types"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/vm"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/vm/runtime"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/eth/tracers/logger"
@@ -205,7 +207,6 @@ func runCmd(ctx *cli.Context) error {
 
 	var (
 		tracer      *tracing.Hooks
-		debugLogger *logger.StructLogger
 		prestate    *state.StateDB
 		chainConfig *params.ChainConfig
 		sender      = common.BytesToAddress([]byte("sender"))
@@ -217,10 +218,7 @@ func runCmd(ctx *cli.Context) error {
 	if ctx.Bool(MachineFlag.Name) {
 		tracer = logger.NewJSONLogger(logconfig, os.Stdout)
 	} else if ctx.Bool(DebugFlag.Name) {
-		debugLogger = logger.NewStructLogger(logconfig)
+		tracer = logger.NewStreamingStructLogger(logconfig, os.Stderr).Hooks()
-		tracer = debugLogger.Hooks()
-	} else {
-		debugLogger = logger.NewStructLogger(logconfig)
 	}
 
 	initialGas := ctx.Uint64(GasFlag.Name)
@@ -365,12 +363,10 @@ func runCmd(ctx *cli.Context) error {
 	}
 
 	if ctx.Bool(DebugFlag.Name) {
-		if debugLogger != nil {
+		if logs := runtimeConfig.State.Logs(); len(logs) > 0 {
-			fmt.Fprintln(os.Stderr, "#### TRACE ####")
+			fmt.Fprintln(os.Stderr, "### LOGS")
-			logger.WriteTrace(os.Stderr, debugLogger.StructLogs())
+			writeLogs(os.Stderr, logs)
 		}
-		fmt.Fprintln(os.Stderr, "#### LOGS ####")
-		logger.WriteLogs(os.Stderr, runtimeConfig.State.Logs())
 	}
 
 	if bench || ctx.Bool(StatDumpFlag.Name) {
@@ -389,3 +385,16 @@ allocated bytes: %d
 
 	return nil
 }
+
+// writeLogs writes vm logs in a readable format to the given writer
+func writeLogs(writer io.Writer, logs []*types.Log) {
+	for _, log := range logs {
+		fmt.Fprintf(writer, "LOG%d: %x bn=%d txi=%x\n", len(log.Topics), log.Address, log.BlockNumber, log.TxIndex)
+
+		for i, topic := range log.Topics {
+			fmt.Fprintf(writer, "%08d  %x\n", i, topic)
+		}
+		fmt.Fprint(writer, hex.Dump(log.Data))
+		fmt.Fprintln(writer)
+	}
+}

core/vm/runtime/runtime_test.go

@@ -31,6 +31,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/asm"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/state"
+	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/tracing"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/types"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/vm"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/vm/program"
@@ -670,17 +671,23 @@ func TestColdAccountAccessCost(t *testing.T) {
 			want: 7600,
 		},
 	} {
-		tracer := logger.NewStructLogger(nil)
+		var step = 0
+		var have = uint64(0)
 		Execute(tc.code, nil, &Config{
 			EVMConfig: vm.Config{
-				Tracer: tracer.Hooks(),
+				Tracer: &tracing.Hooks{
+					OnOpcode: func(pc uint64, op byte, gas, cost uint64, scope tracing.OpContext, rData []byte, depth int, err error) {
+						// Uncomment to investigate failures:
+						//t.Logf("%d: %v %d", step, vm.OpCode(op).String(), cost)
+						if step == tc.step {
+							have = cost
+						}
+						step++
+					},
+				},
 			},
 		})
-		have := tracer.StructLogs()[tc.step].GasCost
 		if want := tc.want; have != want {
-			for ii, op := range tracer.StructLogs() {
-				t.Logf("%d: %v %d", ii, op.OpName(), op.GasCost)
-			}
 			t.Fatalf("testcase %d, gas report wrong, step %d, have %d want %d", i, tc.step, have, want)
 		}
 	}

eth/tracers/api_test.go

@@ -535,7 +535,7 @@ func TestTraceTransaction(t *testing.T) {
 		Gas:         params.TxGas,
 		Failed:      false,
 		ReturnValue: "",
-		StructLogs:  []logger.StructLogRes{},
+		StructLogs:  []json.RawMessage{},
 	}) {
 		t.Error("Transaction tracing result is different")
 	}

eth/tracers/logger/logger.go

@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@ import (
 	"encoding/json"
 	"fmt"
 	"io"
+	"maps"
 	"math/big"
 	"strings"
 	"sync/atomic"
@@ -38,15 +39,6 @@ import (
 // Storage represents a contract's storage.
 type Storage map[common.Hash]common.Hash
 
-// Copy duplicates the current storage.
-func (s Storage) Copy() Storage {
-	cpy := make(Storage, len(s))
-	for key, value := range s {
-		cpy[key] = value
-	}
-	return cpy
-}
-
 // Config are the configuration options for structured logger the EVM
 type Config struct {
 	EnableMemory     bool // enable memory capture
@@ -54,15 +46,16 @@ type Config struct {
 	DisableStorage   bool // disable storage capture
 	EnableReturnData bool // enable return data capture
 	Debug            bool // print output during capture end
-	Limit            int  // maximum length of output, but zero means unlimited
+	Limit            int  // maximum size of output, but zero means unlimited
+
 	// Chain overrides, can be used to execute a trace using future fork rules
 	Overrides *params.ChainConfig `json:"overrides,omitempty"`
 }
 
 //go:generate go run github.com/fjl/gencodec -type StructLog -field-override structLogMarshaling -out gen_structlog.go
 
-// StructLog is emitted to the EVM each cycle and lists information about the current internal state
+// StructLog is emitted to the EVM each cycle and lists information about the
-// prior to the execution of the statement.
+// current internal state prior to the execution of the statement.
 type StructLog struct {
 	Pc            uint64                      `json:"pc"`
 	Op            vm.OpCode                   `json:"op"`
@@ -102,29 +95,144 @@ func (s *StructLog) ErrorString() string {
 	return ""
 }
 
+// WriteTo writes the human-readable log data into the supplied writer.
+func (s *StructLog) WriteTo(writer io.Writer) {
+	fmt.Fprintf(writer, "%-16spc=%08d gas=%v cost=%v", s.Op, s.Pc, s.Gas, s.GasCost)
+	if s.Err != nil {
+		fmt.Fprintf(writer, " ERROR: %v", s.Err)
+	}
+	fmt.Fprintln(writer)
+
+	if len(s.Stack) > 0 {
+		fmt.Fprintln(writer, "Stack:")
+		for i := len(s.Stack) - 1; i >= 0; i-- {
+			fmt.Fprintf(writer, "%08d  %s\n", len(s.Stack)-i-1, s.Stack[i].Hex())
+		}
+	}
+	if len(s.Memory) > 0 {
+		fmt.Fprintln(writer, "Memory:")
+		fmt.Fprint(writer, hex.Dump(s.Memory))
+	}
+	if len(s.Storage) > 0 {
+		fmt.Fprintln(writer, "Storage:")
+		for h, item := range s.Storage {
+			fmt.Fprintf(writer, "%x: %x\n", h, item)
+		}
+	}
+	if len(s.ReturnData) > 0 {
+		fmt.Fprintln(writer, "ReturnData:")
+		fmt.Fprint(writer, hex.Dump(s.ReturnData))
+	}
+	fmt.Fprintln(writer)
+}
+
+// structLogLegacy stores a structured log emitted by the EVM while replaying a
+// transaction in debug mode. It's the legacy format used in tracer. The differences
+// between the structLog json and the 'legacy' json are:
+//
+// op:
+// Legacy uses string (e.g. "SSTORE"), non-legacy uses a byte.
+// non-legacy has an 'opName' field containing the op name.
+//
+// gas, gasCost:
+// Legacy uses integers, non-legacy hex-strings
+//
+// memory:
+// Legacy uses a list of 64-char strings, each representing 32-byte chunks
+// of evm memory. Non-legacy just uses a string of hexdata, no chunking.
+//
+// storage:
+// Legacy has a storage field while non-legacy doesn't.
+type structLogLegacy struct {
+	Pc            uint64             `json:"pc"`
+	Op            string             `json:"op"`
+	Gas           uint64             `json:"gas"`
+	GasCost       uint64             `json:"gasCost"`
+	Depth         int                `json:"depth"`
+	Error         string             `json:"error,omitempty"`
+	Stack         *[]string          `json:"stack,omitempty"`
+	ReturnData    string             `json:"returnData,omitempty"`
+	Memory        *[]string          `json:"memory,omitempty"`
+	Storage       *map[string]string `json:"storage,omitempty"`
+	RefundCounter uint64             `json:"refund,omitempty"`
+}
+
+// toLegacyJSON converts the structLog to legacy json-encoded legacy form.
+func (s *StructLog) toLegacyJSON() json.RawMessage {
+	msg := structLogLegacy{
+		Pc:            s.Pc,
+		Op:            s.Op.String(),
+		Gas:           s.Gas,
+		GasCost:       s.GasCost,
+		Depth:         s.Depth,
+		Error:         s.ErrorString(),
+		RefundCounter: s.RefundCounter,
+	}
+	if s.Stack != nil {
+		stack := make([]string, len(s.Stack))
+		for i, stackValue := range s.Stack {
+			stack[i] = stackValue.Hex()
+		}
+		msg.Stack = &stack
+	}
+	if len(s.ReturnData) > 0 {
+		msg.ReturnData = hexutil.Bytes(s.ReturnData).String()
+	}
+	if s.Memory != nil {
+		memory := make([]string, 0, (len(s.Memory)+31)/32)
+		for i := 0; i+32 <= len(s.Memory); i += 32 {
+			memory = append(memory, fmt.Sprintf("%x", s.Memory[i:i+32]))
+		}
+		msg.Memory = &memory
+	}
+	if s.Storage != nil {
+		storage := make(map[string]string)
+		for i, storageValue := range s.Storage {
+			storage[fmt.Sprintf("%x", i)] = fmt.Sprintf("%x", storageValue)
+		}
+		msg.Storage = &storage
+	}
+	element, _ := json.Marshal(msg)
+	return element
+}
+
 // StructLogger is an EVM state logger and implements EVMLogger.
 //
 // StructLogger can capture state based on the given Log configuration and also keeps
 // a track record of modified storage which is used in reporting snapshots of the
 // contract their storage.
+//
+// A StructLogger can either yield it's output immediately (streaming) or store for
+// later output.
 type StructLogger struct {
 	cfg Config
 	env *tracing.VMContext
 
 	storage map[common.Address]Storage
-	logs    []StructLog
 	output  []byte
 	err     error
 	usedGas uint64
 
+	writer     io.Writer         // If set, the logger will stream instead of store logs
+	logs       []json.RawMessage // buffer of json-encoded logs
+	resultSize int
+
 	interrupt atomic.Bool // Atomic flag to signal execution interruption
 	reason    error       // Textual reason for the interruption
 }
 
-// NewStructLogger returns a new logger
+// NewStreamingStructLogger returns a new streaming logger.
+func NewStreamingStructLogger(cfg *Config, writer io.Writer) *StructLogger {
+	l := NewStructLogger(cfg)
+	l.writer = writer
+	return l
+}
+
+// NewStructLogger construct a new (non-streaming) struct logger.
 func NewStructLogger(cfg *Config) *StructLogger {
 	logger := &StructLogger{
 		storage: make(map[common.Address]Storage),
+		logs:    make([]json.RawMessage, 0),
 	}
 	if cfg != nil {
 		logger.cfg = *cfg
@@ -141,44 +249,36 @@ func (l *StructLogger) Hooks() *tracing.Hooks {
 	}
 }
 
-// Reset clears the data held by the logger.
-func (l *StructLogger) Reset() {
-	l.storage = make(map[common.Address]Storage)
-	l.output = make([]byte, 0)
-	l.logs = l.logs[:0]
-	l.err = nil
-}
-
 // OnOpcode logs a new structured log message and pushes it out to the environment
 //
 // OnOpcode also tracks SLOAD/SSTORE ops to track storage change.
 func (l *StructLogger) OnOpcode(pc uint64, opcode byte, gas, cost uint64, scope tracing.OpContext, rData []byte, depth int, err error) {
-	// If tracing was interrupted, set the error and stop
+	// If tracing was interrupted, exit
 	if l.interrupt.Load() {
 		return
 	}
-	// check if already accumulated the specified number of logs
+	// check if already accumulated the size of the response.
-	if l.cfg.Limit != 0 && l.cfg.Limit <= len(l.logs) {
+	if l.cfg.Limit != 0 && l.resultSize > l.cfg.Limit {
 		return
 	}
-
+	var (
-	op := vm.OpCode(opcode)
+		op           = vm.OpCode(opcode)
-	memory := scope.MemoryData()
+		memory       = scope.MemoryData()
-	stack := scope.StackData()
+		contractAddr = scope.Address()
-	// Copy a snapshot of the current memory state to a new buffer
+		stack        = scope.StackData()
-	var mem []byte
+		stackLen     = len(stack)
+	)
+	log := StructLog{pc, op, gas, cost, nil, len(memory), nil, nil, nil, depth, l.env.StateDB.GetRefund(), err}
 	if l.cfg.EnableMemory {
-		mem = make([]byte, len(memory))
+		log.Memory = memory
-		copy(mem, memory)
 	}
-	// Copy a snapshot of the current stack state to a new buffer
-	var stck []uint256.Int
 	if !l.cfg.DisableStack {
-		stck = make([]uint256.Int, len(stack))
+		log.Stack = scope.StackData()
-		copy(stck, stack)
 	}
-	contractAddr := scope.Address()
+	if l.cfg.EnableReturnData {
-	stackLen := len(stack)
+		log.ReturnData = rData
+	}
+
 	// Copy a snapshot of the current storage to a new container
 	var storage Storage
 	if !l.cfg.DisableStorage && (op == vm.SLOAD || op == vm.SSTORE) {
@@ -194,7 +294,7 @@ func (l *StructLogger) OnOpcode(pc uint64, opcode byte, gas, cost uint64, scope
 				value   = l.env.StateDB.GetState(contractAddr, address)
 			)
 			l.storage[contractAddr][address] = value
-			storage = l.storage[contractAddr].Copy()
+			storage = maps.Clone(l.storage[contractAddr])
 		} else if op == vm.SSTORE && stackLen >= 2 {
 			// capture SSTORE opcodes and record the written entry in the local storage.
 			var (
@@ -202,17 +302,19 @@ func (l *StructLogger) OnOpcode(pc uint64, opcode byte, gas, cost uint64, scope
 				address = common.Hash(stack[stackLen-1].Bytes32())
 			)
 			l.storage[contractAddr][address] = value
-			storage = l.storage[contractAddr].Copy()
+			storage = maps.Clone(l.storage[contractAddr])
 		}
 	}
-	var rdata []byte
+	log.Storage = storage
-	if l.cfg.EnableReturnData {
+
-		rdata = make([]byte, len(rData))
+	// create a log
-		copy(rdata, rData)
+	if l.writer == nil {
+		entry := log.toLegacyJSON()
+		l.resultSize += len(entry)
+		l.logs = append(l.logs, entry)
+		return
 	}
-	// create a new snapshot of the EVM.
+	log.WriteTo(l.writer)
-	log := StructLog{pc, op, gas, cost, mem, len(memory), stck, rdata, storage, depth, l.env.StateDB.GetRefund(), err}
-	l.logs = append(l.logs, log)
 }
 
 // OnExit is called a call frame finishes processing.
@@ -246,7 +348,7 @@ func (l *StructLogger) GetResult() (json.RawMessage, error) {
 		Gas:         l.usedGas,
 		Failed:      failed,
 		ReturnValue: returnVal,
-		StructLogs:  formatLogs(l.StructLogs()),
+		StructLogs:  l.logs,
 	})
 }
 
@@ -273,9 +375,6 @@ func (l *StructLogger) OnTxEnd(receipt *types.Receipt, err error) {
 	}
 }
 
-// StructLogs returns the captured log entries.
-func (l *StructLogger) StructLogs() []StructLog { return l.logs }
-
 // Error returns the VM error captured by the trace.
 func (l *StructLogger) Error() error { return l.err }
 
@@ -283,49 +382,10 @@ func (l *StructLogger) Error() error { return l.err }
 func (l *StructLogger) Output() []byte { return l.output }
 
 // WriteTrace writes a formatted trace to the given writer
+// @deprecated
 func WriteTrace(writer io.Writer, logs []StructLog) {
 	for _, log := range logs {
-		fmt.Fprintf(writer, "%-16spc=%08d gas=%v cost=%v", log.Op, log.Pc, log.Gas, log.GasCost)
+		log.WriteTo(writer)
-		if log.Err != nil {
-			fmt.Fprintf(writer, " ERROR: %v", log.Err)
-		}
-		fmt.Fprintln(writer)
-
-		if len(log.Stack) > 0 {
-			fmt.Fprintln(writer, "Stack:")
-			for i := len(log.Stack) - 1; i >= 0; i-- {
-				fmt.Fprintf(writer, "%08d  %s\n", len(log.Stack)-i-1, log.Stack[i].Hex())
-			}
-		}
-		if len(log.Memory) > 0 {
-			fmt.Fprintln(writer, "Memory:")
-			fmt.Fprint(writer, hex.Dump(log.Memory))
-		}
-		if len(log.Storage) > 0 {
-			fmt.Fprintln(writer, "Storage:")
-			for h, item := range log.Storage {
-				fmt.Fprintf(writer, "%x: %x\n", h, item)
-			}
-		}
-		if len(log.ReturnData) > 0 {
-			fmt.Fprintln(writer, "ReturnData:")
-			fmt.Fprint(writer, hex.Dump(log.ReturnData))
-		}
-		fmt.Fprintln(writer)
-	}
-}
-
-// WriteLogs writes vm logs in a readable format to the given writer
-func WriteLogs(writer io.Writer, logs []*types.Log) {
-	for _, log := range logs {
-		fmt.Fprintf(writer, "LOG%d: %x bn=%d txi=%x\n", len(log.Topics), log.Address, log.BlockNumber, log.TxIndex)
-
-		for i, topic := range log.Topics {
-			fmt.Fprintf(writer, "%08d  %x\n", i, topic)
-		}
-
-		fmt.Fprint(writer, hex.Dump(log.Data))
-		fmt.Fprintln(writer)
 	}
 }
 
@@ -428,62 +488,5 @@ type ExecutionResult struct {
 	Gas         uint64            `json:"gas"`
 	Failed      bool              `json:"failed"`
 	ReturnValue string            `json:"returnValue"`
-	StructLogs  []StructLogRes `json:"structLogs"`
+	StructLogs  []json.RawMessage `json:"structLogs"`
-}
-
-// StructLogRes stores a structured log emitted by the EVM while replaying a
-// transaction in debug mode
-type StructLogRes struct {
-	Pc            uint64             `json:"pc"`
-	Op            string             `json:"op"`
-	Gas           uint64             `json:"gas"`
-	GasCost       uint64             `json:"gasCost"`
-	Depth         int                `json:"depth"`
-	Error         string             `json:"error,omitempty"`
-	Stack         *[]string          `json:"stack,omitempty"`
-	ReturnData    string             `json:"returnData,omitempty"`
-	Memory        *[]string          `json:"memory,omitempty"`
-	Storage       *map[string]string `json:"storage,omitempty"`
-	RefundCounter uint64             `json:"refund,omitempty"`
-}
-
-// formatLogs formats EVM returned structured logs for json output
-func formatLogs(logs []StructLog) []StructLogRes {
-	formatted := make([]StructLogRes, len(logs))
-	for index, trace := range logs {
-		formatted[index] = StructLogRes{
-			Pc:            trace.Pc,
-			Op:            trace.Op.String(),
-			Gas:           trace.Gas,
-			GasCost:       trace.GasCost,
-			Depth:         trace.Depth,
-			Error:         trace.ErrorString(),
-			RefundCounter: trace.RefundCounter,
-		}
-		if trace.Stack != nil {
-			stack := make([]string, len(trace.Stack))
-			for i, stackValue := range trace.Stack {
-				stack[i] = stackValue.Hex()
-			}
-			formatted[index].Stack = &stack
-		}
-		if len(trace.ReturnData) > 0 {
-			formatted[index].ReturnData = hexutil.Bytes(trace.ReturnData).String()
-		}
-		if trace.Memory != nil {
-			memory := make([]string, 0, (len(trace.Memory)+31)/32)
-			for i := 0; i+32 <= len(trace.Memory); i += 32 {
-				memory = append(memory, fmt.Sprintf("%x", trace.Memory[i:i+32]))
-			}
-			formatted[index].Memory = &memory
-		}
-		if trace.Storage != nil {
-			storage := make(map[string]string)
-			for i, storageValue := range trace.Storage {
-				storage[fmt.Sprintf("%x", i)] = fmt.Sprintf("%x", storageValue)
-			}
-			formatted[index].Storage = &storage
-		}
-	}
-	return formatted
 }

eth/tracers/tracers_test.go

@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/tests"
 )
 
-func BenchmarkTransactionTrace(b *testing.B) {
+func BenchmarkTransactionTraceV2(b *testing.B) {
 	key, _ := crypto.HexToECDSA("b71c71a67e1177ad4e901695e1b4b9ee17ae16c6668d313eac2f96dbcda3f291")
 	from := crypto.PubkeyToAddress(key.PublicKey)
 	gas := uint64(1000000) // 1M gas
@@ -78,14 +78,8 @@ func BenchmarkTransactionTrace(b *testing.B) {
 	state := tests.MakePreState(rawdb.NewMemoryDatabase(), alloc, false, rawdb.HashScheme)
 	defer state.Close()
 
-	// Create the tracer, the EVM environment and run it
+	evm := vm.NewEVM(context, state.StateDB, params.AllEthashProtocolChanges, vm.Config{})
-	tracer := logger.NewStructLogger(&logger.Config{
+
-		Debug: false,
-		//DisableStorage: true,
-		//EnableMemory: false,
-		//EnableReturnData: false,
-	})
-	evm := vm.NewEVM(context, state.StateDB, params.AllEthashProtocolChanges, vm.Config{Tracer: tracer.Hooks()})
 	msg, err := core.TransactionToMessage(tx, signer, context.BaseFee)
 	if err != nil {
 		b.Fatalf("failed to prepare transaction for tracing: %v", err)
@@ -94,17 +88,15 @@ func BenchmarkTransactionTrace(b *testing.B) {
 	b.ReportAllocs()
 
 	for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
-		snap := state.StateDB.Snapshot()
+		tracer := logger.NewStructLogger(&logger.Config{Debug: false}).Hooks()
 		tracer.OnTxStart(evm.GetVMContext(), tx, msg.From)
-		res, err := core.ApplyMessage(evm, msg, new(core.GasPool).AddGas(tx.Gas()))
+		evm.Config.Tracer = tracer
+
+		snap := state.StateDB.Snapshot()
+		_, err := core.ApplyMessage(evm, msg, new(core.GasPool).AddGas(tx.Gas()))
 		if err != nil {
 			b.Fatal(err)
 		}
-		tracer.OnTxEnd(&types.Receipt{GasUsed: res.UsedGas}, nil)
 		state.StateDB.RevertToSnapshot(snap)
-		if have, want := len(tracer.StructLogs()), 244752; have != want {
-			b.Fatalf("trace wrong, want %d steps, have %d", want, have)
-		}
-		tracer.Reset()
 	}
 }